根系代谢物介导的植物-微生物互作的研究进展

Advances on plant-microbe interaction mediated by root metabolites

植物根系代谢物是植物-微生物互作的桥梁纽带,作为信号物质和微生物营养源调控着微生物的群落结构和多样性,而根区微生物区系的改变则反作用于植物的生长、发育和抗性。本文聚焦植物根系代谢物介导的植物-微生物互作,梳理了植物-微生物互作研究中次级代谢物的种类、作用及其检测手段;探讨了植物通过调节自身代谢物以适应品种进化及繁衍后代过程中发挥的功能作用;阐述了逆境胁迫下植物利用根系代谢物招募特异微生物(解磷、溶磷)或者有益微生物促进自身生长以缓解胁迫压力的机制;分析了根系代谢物作为信号物质诱导植物抗病的方式“求救假说”,为可持续农业发展提供思路和理论依据。

Plant metabolites exuded from roots have been identified as a bridge in plant-microbe interaction, and as a signal player in regulating the structure and diversity of soil microbial community.The altered soil microbial community served as feedback to the plant, resulting in promotion of plant growth, development and resistance. In this article, we reviewed recent advances on plant-microbe interaction mediated by plant metabolites, and sketched the category, function and testing method of the secondary metabolites in the above interaction process. Additionally, we investigated how plants developed themselves in order to adapt to the cultivar evolution and the reproduction by regulating their root metabolites, and illuminated the mechanisms of plants recruiting specific or beneficial microorganisms to the rhizosphere to improve their development and therefore alleviate the biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the “cry for help” strategy that plants recruit beneficial microbes or traits from the environment using a range of chemical stimuli to enhance their resistance was analyzed. This paper provided ideas and theoretical support for the sustainable agricultural development.