基于管状结构的液–固接触摩擦纳米发电机

Liquid-solid Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Tubular Structure

构建微能量收集系统并将其作为传感器分布式电源或自驱动传感器具有重要意义。基于摩擦起电原理,设计并制作一种管状结构的单电极液-固接触摩擦纳米发电机(liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator,LS-TENG),实现对固–液摩擦过程所产生电荷的直接提取,无需传统摩擦纳米发电机的静电感应过程。首先,基于多物理场耦合分析液-固接触摩擦纳米发电机工作原理,解析电荷转移过程中的电势分布。其次,试验探究液体流量、管道长度、内径和材料对摩擦纳米发电机输出特性的影响情况。最后展示所构建的摩擦纳米发电机作为微电源的负载供能特性。研究发现,LS-TENG的输出电压、电流、转移电荷与流量成正比,与管道内径成反比;LS-TENG输出电能经过整流桥可实现对电容充电储能,在610 mL·min-1的流量下可驱动至少40个LED灯珠。相关研究成果为构建基于管状结构的微水能收集系统提供参考。

It is of great significance to construct a microenergy harvesting system and use it as a sensor distributed power source or self-driving sensor.This paper designed and fabricated a single-electrode liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator(LS-TENG)with a tubular structure based on the triboelectric effect,the nanogenerator realized the direct extraction of charges generated by the solid-liquid friction process without the electrostatic induction process of traditional TENG.Firstly,the working principle of LS-TENG based on the multi-physics coupling calculation,and the electric potential distribution in charge transfer process were analyzed.Secondly,the influences of liquid flow rate,pipe length,pipe inner diameter and pipe materials on the output characteristics of LS-TENG were explored.Finally,the energy supply characteristics of LS-TENG as micro power source were demonstrated.It can be found that the output voltage,current,and transfer charge of LS-TENG are directly proportional to the flow rate and inversely proportional to the pipe inner diameter.The output of LS-TENG is capable to charge the capacitor through the rectifier bridge and drive at least 40 LEDs at a flow rate of 610mL·min-1.Relevant results can provide a reference for constructing a micro-hydro energy collection system based on a tubular structure.