非农就业、所有权认知与农户承包地退出

Non-agricultural employment,cognition of contracted land ownership and farmers’withdrawal from contracted land

为探究非农就业与所有权认知对农户承包地退出的影响,以国内9省1006份农户抽样数据为基础,在综合分析农户承包地退出成本收益的基础上,利用Probit模型和分组回归方法,考察其对农户承包地退出意愿的作用机制。结果表明:农户的承包地所有权认知与制度规定存在错位,有39.07%的农户认为承包地所有权归农户个人所有,承包地所有权的私有认知降低了农户承包地退出意愿;非农就业程度的升高会降低农户对土地的依赖,这不仅有助于提高农户承包地退出意愿,还在一定程度上缓解了承包地所有权私有认知对承包地退出意愿的负面影响。控制内生性后,非农就业对承包地退出意愿的促进作用增强。因此,要提升农户承包地退出意愿,应从引导农户形成正确的承包地所有权认知及提高农户非农就业水平两方面入手,并在此过程中完善城乡社会保障体系,解除退地农户后顾之忧。

In order to explore the impact of non-agricultural employment and ownership cognition on farmers’withdrawal from contracted land,based on the 1006survey data of rural households from nine provinces in China,this study analyzes the cost and benefit of farmers’withdrawal from contracted land.Probit model and grouped regression are used to investigate how non-agricultural employment and ownership cognition affect the farmers’willingness to withdraw from contracted land.The results show that:There is a mismatch between farmers’ownership cognition and the ownership regulation.About 39.07%of the farmers believe that the contracted land belongs to themselves,and the private cognition of the contracted land ownership reduces their willingness to withdraw from contracted land.The increase of the proportion of non-agricultural income will reduce farmers’dependence on land,which will not only help to improve farmers’willingness to withdraw from contracted land,but also alleviate the negative effect from private cognition of contracted land ownership on farmers’willingness to withdraw from contracted land.After controlling endogeneity,non-agricultural employment has a stronger effect on withdrawal from contracted land.Therefore,in order to improve farmers’willingness to withdraw form contracted land,it is necessary to guide them to form correct recognition of contracted land ownership and improve farmers’non-agricultural employment level.In addition,the urban and rural social security system should be strengthened to relieve the worries of farmers,who will withdraw from contracted land,should be strengthened too.