2011—2020年龙岩市无偿献血者HIV感染情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of HIV infection among unpaid blood donors in Longyan City from 2011 to 2020

目的了解龙岩市2011—2020年无偿献血者HIV的感染状况,为无偿献血者的招募和输血安全提供参考依据。方法对2011—2020年龙岩市中心血站无偿献血者进行HIV检测,采用SPSS 22.0软件对检测结果进行统计学分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2011—2020年龙岩市无偿献血者共239030人次,抗HIV初筛阳性率为0.0724%(173/239030),抗-HIV确证阳性率为0.0088%(21/239030),确证阳性率保持在较低水平,各年份间的阳性率差异没有统计学意义(确切概率法P=0.138)。21例确证阳性者感染者均为男性,性别差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.82,P=0.001);年龄在18至50岁之间,中位年龄30岁,差异没有统计学意义(确切概率法P=0.284);未婚13人,占61.90%;学历以初中及以下为主,占42.86%;职业以商业服务为主,占23.81%,其次是学生、农民,各占14.28%;婚姻、学历和职业各项目分组之间差异均有统计学意义(确切概率法P<0.001)。主要以异性传播为主,占61.90%,中位性行为人数3人;单独感染HIV人数占61.90%(13/21),合并感染性病占28.57%(6/21)。结论龙岩市无偿献血人群中HIV疫情总体呈低流行态势,主要以未婚男性为主,应加强对此类献血者献血前的有效征询和献血后HIV实验室筛查,同时健全以电子献血证为基础的全国无偿献血者信息系统,实现互联互通。

Objective To understand the HIV(human immunodeficiency virus)infection status of unpaid blood donors in Longyan City from 2011 to 2020,and to provide reference for the recruitment of unpaid blood donors and the safety of blood transfusion.Methods HIV detection was performed on unpaid blood donors from Longyan Central Blood Station from 2011 to 2020.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the detection results.And P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results From 2011 to 2020,a total of 239030 times of HIV detection were conducted.The positive rate of anti-HIV screening test was 0.0724%(173/239030),and the positive rate of anti-HIV confirmatory test was 0.0088%(21/239030).The positive rate of confirmatory test remained at a low level.There was no significant difference in the positive rate among different years(P=0.138,by Fisher’s exact test).There were 21 male cases confirmed HIV positive.The difference between genders was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.82,P=0.001).The age ranged from 18 to 50 years old,and the median age was 30 years old.The difference of different ages was not statistical significant(P=0.284,by Fisher’s exact test).There were 13 unmarried HIV positive donors,accounting for 61.90%.42.86%HIV positive donors had junior high school or lower educational background.Commercial service was the main occupation,accounting for 23.81%,followed by students and farmers,accounting for 14.28%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences among marriage,educational background and occupation(P<0.001,by Fisher’s exact test).Heterosexual transmission was the main route of transmission,accounting for 61.90%.The median number of donors had sexual behaviors was 3.61.90%(13/21)were infected with HIV alone,and 28.57%(6/21)were co-infected with sexually transmitted diseases.Conclusions The prevalence of HIV among unpaid blood donors in Longyan City is generally low.The HIV positive donors were mainly unmarried men.Effective consultation before blood donation and HIV laboratory screening after blood donation should be strengthened.At the same time,the national information system for unpaid blood donors based on electronic blood donation certificate should be improved to realize interconnection.