环境突变下中小制造企业的组织韧性研究

Research on Organizational Resilience of Small and Medium-sized Manufacturing Enterprises under Environmental Catastrophe

进入21世纪以来,全球不确定性要素增加,诸如新冠疫情等,带来环境突变,打破了中小企业原有发展路径。能否在遭遇外部冲击时利用组织韧性度过危机,并将危机转换为新的成长机会,成为中小企业克服脆弱性、实现可持续发展的关键。本文基于两家中小制造企业的实践,开创性地探索了在环境突变的不同阶段,组织韧性构建的关键因素及其干预发挥作用的动态过程。研究发现:不同韧性能力对组织在环境突变不同阶段的作用机理及效果不同。环境突变初期,资源韧性、制度韧性是中小制造企业遭受挫折时及时止损,并增强抵抗力的重要保护性因素;环境突变中期,意识韧性和关系韧性作为关键保护性因素,使中小制造企业得以适时调整战略,并逐步恢复到初始平衡状态;环境突变后期,战略韧性则被置于重要地位,推进企业抓住成长机会而迈上新的发展台阶。本文研究为中小制造企业在面临逆境时坚定信心、实现逆向成长提供了新的思路和解决方法,同时也为完善在中国情境下的组织韧性理论及中小企业成长理论做出了边际贡献。

Since the beginning of the 21st century, global uncertainties have increased, such as the COVID-19epidemic, which has brought about sudden changes in the environment and broke the original development path of small and medium-sized enterprises. Whether it can use organizational resilience to overcome the crisis when encountering external shocks and convert the crisis into new growth opportunities becomes the key for SMEs to overcome vulnerability and achieve sustainable development. Based on the practice of two small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, this paper pioneered the exploration of the key factors of organizational resilience and the dynamic process of its intervention in different stages of environmental mutation. The study found that different resilience abilities have different mechanisms and effects on tissues in different stages of environmental mutation. In the early stage of environmental mutation, resource resilience and institutional resilience are important protective factors for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to stop losses in a timely manner and enhance their resistance;Adjust the strategy in a timely manner and gradually restore it to the initial equilibrium state;in the late stage of environmental changes, strategic resilience is placed in an important position, promoting enterprises to seize growth opportunities and step to a new level of development. The research provides new ideas and solutions for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to strengthen their confidence and achieve reverse growth in the face of adversity, and also makes marginal contributions to improving the organizational resilience theory and the growth theory of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Chinese context.