四川成都2018-2020年诺如病毒感染腹泻患儿基因型分析

Genotype analysis of children with acute diarrhea infected by Norovirus from 2018 to 2020 in Chengdu,Sichuan

目的 了解四川省成都市急性腹泻患儿感染的诺如病毒基因型。方法 收集2018年1月—2020年12月成都市6家哨点医院的1 764例急性腹泻患儿的粪便标本,用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测诺如病毒及其基因型。结果1 764例急性腹泻患儿中诺如病毒阳性率为13.38%。<1岁患儿的诺如病毒阳性率最高,为21.09%,6-12岁年龄段最低(4.48%)。男性患儿诺如病毒核酸阳性率为14.25%,略高于女性(12.46%)。诺如病毒阳性率具有明显的季节性,其中10-12月最高,为22.75%,7-9月最低,为5.02%。<1岁诺如病毒阳性患儿呕吐占比高于阴性患儿(P<0.05),腹泻次数则少于阴性患儿(P<0.05)。诺如病毒感染患儿中,GⅠ型16例(6.78%),GⅡ型215例(91.10%),GⅠ/GⅡ混合型5例(2.12%)。结论 成都市哨点医院急性腹泻患儿诺如病毒感染率较高,<1岁婴幼儿为高发群体,冬季为高发季节,诺如病毒优势基因型为GⅡ型。

Objective To investigate the genotype of Norovirus in children with acute diarrhea in Chengdu,Sichuan province. Methods The stool samples of 1 764 children with acute diarrhea from 6 sentinel hospitals in Chengdu were collected from January 2018 to December 2020,Norovirus and its genotypes were detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method. Results The positive rate of Norovirus in 1 764 children with acute diarrhea was 13.38%.The positive rate was the highest in children below 1-year-old(21.09%),and the lowest in 6-12 years old(4.48%).The positive rate of Norovirus in male children was 14.25%,slightly higher than that in female children(12.46%).The positive rate was 22.75% from October to December,and 5.02% from July to September. The incidence of vomiting in <1-year-old Norovirus positive children was higher than that in negative children(P <0.05),and the number of diarrhea was lower than that in negative children(P<0.05). There were 16 cases(6.78%) of genotype GⅠ,215 cases(91.10%) of GⅡ,and 5 cases(2.12%) of GⅠ/GⅡ mixed type. Conclusion The infection rate of Norovirus in children with acute diarrhea in Chengdu sentinel hospitals was relatively high,the incidence was higher in children <1-year-old. The dominant genotype of Norovirus was GⅡ.