中国职业卫生与职业病研究的进展

Research progress of occupational health and occupational disease in China

近年来中国职业卫生与职业病研究取得了长足的发展,以职业暴露人群为研究中心,针对职业病的病因、发病机制、人群易感性生物标志物以及风险评估等方面开展了大量的研究,填补了中国甚至世界范围内诸多职业卫生与职业病方面的空缺,具有重要的公共卫生意义。目前中国处于高速发展阶段,大批新兴的、创新的技术正应用于各个领域,推动着中国的产业结构、生产方式和生产技术发生巨大变革,新兴领域的高速发展对职业卫生提出了新的挑战,表现为传统的职业性有害因素带来的职业卫生问题逐渐减少,新的问题不断出现。职业卫生和职业医学也迫切需要将医学科学的新理念、新技术应用于本学科,建立新型健康风险评价体系,进而满足职业人群健康监护和职业病诊断治疗的需求。

Recently,research about occupational health and occupational disease in China has made great progress in the etiology,pathogenesis,susceptibility biomarkers and risk assessment of occupational diseases,which are focused on occupational exposure,and have greatly made up for those deficiencies in China and even worldwide.At present,our country is in a stage of rapid development,and a large number of new and innovative technologies are applied in various fields to make great changes in the industrial structure,production methods and production technologies in China.Notably,the rapid development of new fields has posed new challenges to occupational health,namely the reduction of occupational health problems caused by traditional occupational harmful factors and the emergence of new problems.Occupational health and occupational medicine also urgently need to apply new concepts and technologies of medical science to establish a new health risk assessment,and then meet the needs of occupational health monitoring and the diagnosis and treatment of occupational diseases.