第一个人工合成元素锝:化学家与物理学家合作的结晶

The First Synthetic Element Technetium: The Crystallization of Cooperation between Chemists and Physicists

通过对锝元素的发现史考证分析可知,锝元素是第一个人工合成的元素。1871年,门捷列夫依据元素周期律和元素周期表预见了“类锰”(即锝元素)的存在;至20世纪,随着科学家对原子核变化的研究进展、回旋加速器的发明以及人工放射性元素的发现,化学家和物理学家一起用回旋加速器加速的氚核轰击钼靶得到了锝元素。从科学方法、科学仪器和合作研究等新角度分析,锝元素的发现不仅显示了在合成新元素时先进的科学方法和科学仪器的重要作用,也证明了学科间合作的重要性。

Through the research and analysis of the discovery history of technetium, it can be recognized that technetium is the first synthetic element. In 1871, Mendeleev predicted the existence of ‘eka-manganese’(technetium element) based on periodic law of elements and periodic table of elements;to the 20 th century, with the progress of the research on nuclear changes, the invention of cyclotrons and the discovery of artificial radioactive elements, chemists and physicists bombarded molybdenum targets with tritium nuclei accelerated by cyclotron to obtain technetium. Analysis from the new perspective of scientific methods, scientific instruments, and collaborative research, the discovery of technetium element not only shows the important role of advanced scientific methods and scientific instruments in synthesizing new elements, but also demonstrates the importance of discipline cooperation.