索亚论后大都市空间正义的缺失及其拯救

On Soja’s Lack of Space Justice in Postmetropolis and the Salvation

索亚的后大都市批判思想致力于解构与重构后大都市,对于我们从一个宏观的角度去审视后大都市空间的非正义具有启发性。“后大都市”的基本含义是现代都市宏大叙事的瓦解和后大都市形态的“重构”,索亚将后大都市描述为一种以社会和经济不平等加剧为特征的城市形态,是多核心、碎片化、离心化、流动化的城市区域,也是堡垒化、超真实的城市空间。城市资源的不平等分布是后大都市空间正义缺失的最主要和最明显的表现,而空间中存在的歧视性偏见使空间非正义问题更为突出,同时资本主义新的政治监管形式使被剥削者丧失了对抗的能力。索亚认为,想要跨越阶级、种族、性别的边界,实现城市空间权利的平等,需要新空间意识去驱动受地理不正义影响的人群,使其通过建立边缘群体联盟争取空间权利的平等。但仅靠边缘空间反抗霸权还不足以保证使后大都市走向更大的区域民主和空间正义,因此索亚的后大都市批判思想具有无法摆脱的局限性。

Soja’s critical thought of postmetropolis expounds the deconstruction and reconstruction of postmetropolis, which is instructive to examine the space injustice of postmetropolis from a macro perspective. The connotation of “postmetropolis” is the disintegration of the grand narrative of modern city and the “reconstruction” of postmetropolitan form. Postmetropolis is described by Soja as an urban form characterized by the increasing social and economic inequality, an urban district being multi-core, fragmented, centrifugal and moving, and an urban space of fortress reflecting reality. Manifested mainly by the unequal distribution of urban resources, the problem of space injustice in postmetropolis becomes more prominent due to discriminatory prejudice. And the new form of political supervision of capitalism makes the exploited people lose the ability to fight. Soja believes new spatial consciousness is needed for the people affected by geographical injustice to strive for the equality of space rights across the boundaries of class, race and gender through the establishment of marginal group alliances. However, the postmetropolis with more regional democracy and space justice can not be guaranteed only by resisting hegemony in the marginal space, which indicates that Soja’s critical thought of postmetropolis has its limitations.