空间扩张与时间加速:当代资本主义社会批判的两个维度及其启示

Expansion of Space and Acceleration of Time:Two Dimensions and Enlightenment of the Critique to Contemporary Capitalist Society

哈维与罗萨沿着马克思和恩格斯批判资本主义社会的基本框架,根据变化了的社会现实,分析了当代资本主义社会的空间扩张与时间加速问题,切中了时代之痛。但是,他们对现实问题的批判与解决都不及马克思和恩格斯深刻与彻底。哈维虽然对当代资本主义社会的空间扩张问题展开了政治经济学批判,但却因过度聚焦于空间,对资本主义物质生产方式的论述往往服务于对资本主义空间生产方式的批判,最终导致其空间问题的解决之道放弃了资本逻辑。罗萨对社会加速的批判甚至仅仅停留于社会文化心理层面,没有从资本逻辑深入政治经济学批判层面,对社会加速问题的解决更显苍白无力。他们的批判理论启示我们:在实践中,处于现代化进程的国家,由于在全球化背景下不得不与资本打交道,因而同样会面临空间扩张与时间加速问题,要克服这些问题,必须回到马克思和恩格斯,从资本这个根源上入手,而不能仅从问题本身入手;在理论上,立足历史唯物主义,在时空两个维度上全面揭示当代资本主义的问题域,从而深化马克思主义的当代价值。

Harvey and Rosa are the most representative theorists who criticize the capitalist society in contemporary based on space and time.They analyze the problems of expansion of space and acceleration of timein contemporary capitalist society according to the critical framework to capitalist society of Marx and Engels.But they are inferior to Mare and Engels in analysis and solution of the problems.Harvey gives up the capital logic when he solves the space problem although he insists on the capital logic when he analyses the problem of expansion of space.This is because of focusing on the space and neglecting the mode of production of material data.Rosa gives up the capital logic when he both analyses and solves the problem of acceleration of time.We can achieve the enlightenment in theory and practice by their critical theory.