杭嘉湖平原景观格局演变及驱动力分析研究

Landscape Pattern Evolution and Driving Forces Analysis in Hangjiahu Plain

景观格局动态变化反映不同景观类型在不同时期的变化规律,对其驱动力分析有助于揭示景观变化的内在机制,为城市建设和环境保护提供科学依据.本文以2000、2005、2010、2015和2020年杭嘉湖平原Landsat遥感影像为数据源,利用景观指数和主成分分析法,对该地区景观格局动态演变特点及其驱动力进行分析.结果表明:杭嘉湖平原主要景观类型为耕地和建设用地,2000—2020年耕地面积减少了2539.91 km^(2),主要转换为建设用地、水体和林地,且减少量逐渐递减.建设用地面积增加了2262.01 km^(2),主要由耕地转化而来.景观指数分析结果显示,斑块数量增加,杭嘉湖平原景观破碎化程度增加,景观形状指数增大,研究区域趋于复杂化.多样性指数呈现缓慢增长趋势,景观分布趋于均匀.社会经济发展和产业结构调整是杭嘉湖平原景观格局变化的驱动因素.

The dynamic change of landscape pattern reflects the change law of different landscape types at different periods.The driving force analysis is helpful to reveal the internal mechanism of landscape change,which could provide scientific basis for urban construction and environmental protection strategies.Based on the Landsat remote sensing images of Hangjiahu Plain in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020,this study analyzed the evolution characteristics of landscape pattern and its driving forces by landscape indices and principal component analysis.The result showed that the main landscape types in Hangjiahu Plain were cultivated land and construction land.From^(2)000 to 2020,the cultivated land area decreased by 2539.91 km^(2),mainly converted into construction land,water body and forest land,and the reduction showed a declining trend.The area of construction land increased by 2262.01 km^(2),and the most increase were from cultivated land.The results of landscape indices analysis demonstrated the number of patches,the degree of landscape fragmentation and the landscape shape index increased,and the study area tended to be complicated.The diversity indices represented a slow growth trend,and the landscape distribution tended to be uniform.Socioeconomic development and industrial structure adjustment were the driving factors for the evolution of landscape pattern in Hangjiahu Plain.