“两区”建设视阈下冀西北生态农业生态功能价值测算与产业体系构建

The Calculation of Ecological Function Value and Industrial System Construction of Eco-agriculture in Northwest Hebei in the Construction of “Two Areas”

农业产业具有生态功能、水源涵养功能和经济功能等多功能性与农业公共品特征,以农业资源配置的机会成本理论、外部性理论和帕累托最优理论出发,利用生态功能价值模型等量化分析方法进行农业多功能价值测算,发现:农田生态功能价值大于其经济价值;林草地单位生态功能价值大于农田单位生态功能价值;以生态优先的农业结构调整虽然机会成本较小,但由于生态建设存在正外部性,因此农业经营主体具有经济损失。据此提出构建以“特色+优势”高效化精品农业模式、“节水+减污”集约化旱作农业模式、“乔+灌+草”空间利用综合化立体农业模式、“种+养+加”生态化循环农业模式和“产+加+销+游”一体化休闲农业模式相结合的生态农业产业体系,并提出建立农业结构调整、特色农产品优势区建设和农业产业纵横一体化经营等行为激励机制与相关建议。

In the construction of the Water Conservation Area and Ecological Support Area of the capital, the coordinated development of agricultural industries and ecological construction in Zhangjiakou is particularly critical.Based on the construction of an ecological agricultural industrial system and the establishment of related mechanisms, the paper aims to help improve the comprehensive function value of agricultural industries under the principle of ecology priority.In view of the ecological, water conserving, and economic functions of agricultural industries, by means of opportunity cost theory, externality theory and Pareto optimal theory of agricultural resource allocation, using such quantitative analysis method as ecological function value model, the paper calculates the value of agricultural functions, providing some theoretical and practical reference for the establishment of the ecological agricultural industrial system and mechanism.