基于双层规划的轨道交通接运公交线路优化模型

Optimal model of rail transit feeder bus lines based on bi-level programming

为使公交车辆的运营更符合现实所需,提出将轨道交通站点周围的公交线路优化为接运公交线路,以提高乘客换乘轨道交通的便捷性,降低乘客出行总成本。充分考虑多种交通方式下乘客出行的弹性需求,提出以乘客出行总成本最低为目标的轨道交通接运公交线路双层优化模型。上层模型在接运公交线路生成的启发式算法(heuristic feeder route generation algorithm,HFRGA)的基础上结合Floyd算法对候选站点进行构建,生成接运公交候选线路集合;下层模型采用Logit模型对客流按照出行方式进行分配。通过客流量将上下层模型连接后,利用蝙蝠算法求得轨道交通接运公交线路。实例分析结果表明:与原公交线网相比,优化后的乘客出行总成本降低了19.2%,乘坐公交出行人数增加了16.8%,验证了模型和算法的合理性和可用性。

In order to make the operation of buses more in line with the actual needs,it is proposed to optimize the bus lines around rail transit stations as feeder bus lines,so as to improve the convenience of passengers to transfer to rail transit and reduce the total travel cost of passengers.This paper fully considers the elastic demand of passenger travel under various transportation modes,and puts forward a bi-level optimization model of rail transit feeder bus lines with the goal of minimizing the total cost of passenger travel.The upper model is based on the heuristic feeder route generation algorithm(HFRGA)combined with Floyd algorithm to construct candidate stations and generate a candidate set of feeder bus lines.The lower model uses the Logit model to allocate the passenger flow according to different traffic modes.After connecting the upper and lower models through the passenger flow,the rail transit feeder bus lines are obtained by the bat algorithm.The example analysis results show that,compared with the original bus line network,the total travel cost of passengers after optimization decreases by 19.2%,and the number of passengers taking buses increases by 16.8%,which verifies the rationality and availability of the model and algorithm.