杨凌城市绿地信息及景观格局动态变化研究

Dynamic Changes of Yangling Urban Green Space Information and Landscape Pattern

以陕西省杨凌示范区为研究对象,基于Landsat5 TM和Landsat8 OLI遥感影像对该区2000、2010和2019年的3期数据采用最大似然法进行监督分类,并以分类结果为依据对该区各景观斑块类型、绿地分布信息进行动态研究分析。使用Fragstats4.2软件计算出杨凌示范区3期景观格局指数(香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数、形状指数、聚集度指数、破碎度指数)。结果表明:1)最大似然分类法分类精度高,效果好,3期数据的总体分类精度均达到90%以上,满足进一步研究的需求;2)2000-2019年耕地面积逐年减少,绿地和建筑面积逐年增加,水体和裸地面积变化趋势平稳但总体有所减少;3)2000-2019年景观格局由单一趋于多样,由匀质趋于异质,由整体趋于破碎。杨凌示范区景观总体取得了优化,但问题仍然存在。该研究分析了杨凌区绿地信息及城市景观空间格局的动态演变情况及其驱动力,并提出发展对策。

The objectives of this study were to analyze the dynamic evolution and driving forces of green space and urban landscape spatial pattern in Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone,and to put forward development countermeasures.Based on the remote sensing images of Landsat5 TM and Landsat8 OLI in 2000,2010 and 2019,the maximum likelihood classification was used to classified the images and the classification results were used as basis for analyzing the land use and green space in the study area.Landscape pattern indices were calculated by using Fragstats 4.2,including Shannon uniformity index,landscape shape index,aggregation index,andlandscape division index.It was found that 1)the maximum likelihood classification method had high classification accuracy and good effect.The overall accuracy of the three-phase data reached more than 90%,which can meet the needs of further research.2)From 2000 to 2019,the cultivated land area in Yangling decreased year by year,the green space and building area increased,and the change trend of water body and bare land area was stable,but decreased overall.3)From 2000 to 2019,the landscape pattern changed from single to diverse,from homogeneous to heterogeneous,and from uniformed to fragmented.On this basis,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for the future planning and development of the area.