制动工况下风电偏航摩擦片热力耦合特性

Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Characteristics of Wind Turbine Yaw Friction Plates under Braking Conditions

为探讨兆瓦级风力发电机偏航制动器在低速、重载工况下出现摩擦片失效的原因,利用直接热力耦合法模拟偏航摩擦片在制动工况下的等效应力和温度变化特性,采用正交试验法,通过直观分析与方差分析研究偏航压力、偏航速度、摩擦因数对摩擦片的最大等效应力和最高温度的影响。结果表明:摩擦片的等效应力和温度随着偏航压力的增大而增大,摩擦片入口处存在应力和高温集中;偏航压力对摩擦片的最大等效应力和最高温度的影响最大,摩擦因数的影响次之,偏航速度的影响最小;偏航压力、偏航速度、摩擦因数对最大等效应力的影响权重比分别为1、0.06、0.48,对最高温度的影响权重比分别为1、0.91、0.97。通过合理选择偏航运行工况,可以缓解摩擦片的等效应力和温度分布的交变集中区,从而延长摩擦片使用寿命,进而为偏航制动器的设计提供理论指导和数据参考。

In order to investigated the reason of friction plate failure in the yaw brake of megawatt wind turbine under low speed and heavy load conditions,the direct thermal coupling method was used to simulate the equivalent stress and temperature change characteristics of the yaw friction plate under braking conditions.Based on the orthogonal test method,through intuitive analysis and variance analysis,the influence of yaw pressure,yaw speed,and friction coefficient on the maximum equivalent stress and maximum temperature of the friction plate was studied.The results show that the equivalent stress and temperature of the friction plate increase with the increase of the yaw pressure,and there exists stress and high temperature concentration at the entrance of the friction plate.The yaw pressure has the greatest influence on the maximum equivalent stress and the maximum temperature of the friction plate,followed by the friction coefficient,and the yaw speed has the least influence.The weight ratios of the influence of yaw pressure,yaw speed,and friction coefficient on the maximum equivalent stress are 1,0.06,and 0.48,respectively,and the weight ratios on the maximum temperature are 1,0.91,and 0.97 respectively.By reasonably selecting the yaw operating conditions,the alternating concentration area of the equivalent stress and temperature distribution of the friction plate can be alleviated,thereby prolonging the service life of the friction plate,and then providing theoretical guidance and data reference for the design of the yaw brake.