2016—2020年徐州市结核病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Xuzhou City from 2016 to 2020

目的 通过分析徐州市2016—2020年结核病流行特征,评价徐州市“十三五”期间结核病防治工作成效,为徐州市制定下一步结核病防控策略提供理论依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学研究方法,对徐州市2016—2020年结核病信息管理系统中登记报告的结核病患者信息进行统计分析。结果 2016—2020年徐州市共报告结核病患者14 784例,报告发病率为33.78/10万,徐州市2016—2020年报告发病率逐年降低,从2016年的41.17/10万,降至2020年的27.52/10万(χ_(趋势)^(2)=311.589,P<0.001)。其中男性10 902例,女性3 882例,男女性别比为2.81:1,男性报告发病率(49.46/10万)高于女性(17.87/10万,χ^(2)=3234.376,P<0.001);患者年龄分布主要集中在20~29岁(3 141例,占21.25%)和50~79岁(7 061例,占47.76%);患者职业为农民的有11 530例(77.99%),其次为家务待业人员1 282例(8.67%)、离退休人员684例(4.63%)、学生568例(3.84%)及工人462例(3.13%)。徐州市东部3个县区(睢宁、邳州、新沂)年均报告发病率高于其他县区。结论 徐州市结核病疫情逐年下降,农民群体仍是结核病高发人群,20~29岁和60岁以上人群为结核病高发年龄段。徐州市东部县区结核病报告发病率较高,下一步工作应针对此地区、此类群体及年龄段患者加强结核病患者的发现与管理,进一步加强这类人群的结核病健康宣传教育工作。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of tuberculosis(TB) control in Xuzhou City during the 13th FiveYear Plan period by analyzing the epidemic characteristics of TB in Xuzhou City from 2016 to 2020,so as to provide the theoretical evidence for formulating the next TB prevention and control strategy.Methods A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted to analyze the information of TB patients registered and reported in Xuzhou Tuberculosis Information Management System from 2016 to 2020.Results From 2016 to 2020,14 784 TB cases were reported in Xuzhou City,the incidence rate was 33.78/105,and the incidence rate of TB reported in Xuzhou from 2020 to 2020 decreased year by year,from 41.17/105in 2016 to 27.52/105in 2020.(χ_(trend)^(2)= 311.589,P < 0.001).There were 10 902 males and 3 882 females,with a gender ratio of 2.81:1,and the reported incidence rate of males(49.46/105) was higher than that of females(17.87/105)(χ^(2)= 3 234.376,P <0.001).The age distribution of patients was mainly concentrated in 20-29 years old(3 141 cases,accounting for 21.25%)and 50-79 years old(7 061 cases,accounting for 47.76%).Totally 11 530 patients(77.99%) were farmers,followed by 1282 domestic unemployed(8.67%),684 retirees(4.63%),568 students(3.84%),and 462 workers(3.13%).The incidence rates of three counties in Xuzhou City(Suining,Pizhou and Xinyi) were higher than the incidence rates of other counties.Conclusion farmers,20-29 years old people and over 60 years old residents,in the eastern counties of Xuzhou City.So the next step we should aim at the discovery and management of TB patients with high incidence to strengthen the TB health propaganda and education work of these groups.