我国数字普惠金融的减贫效应研究

The Study on the Poverty Reduction Effect of Digital Inclusive Finance in China

乡村振兴背景下,金融支持是我国帮扶工作的重要制度安排,数字普惠金融的发展在我国2020年打赢脱贫攻坚战中起到了重要的作用。目前,我国农村地区的绝对贫困已经消除,但相对贫困的问题依旧存在。本文基于2011—2019年我国31个省(区、市)的面板数据,采用广义矩估计GMM方法对数字普惠金融的减贫效应进行实证研究,包括数字普惠金融对地区相对贫困水平减缓的总效应分析,以及产业结构在此过程中的中介效应分析。研究结果表明,第一,数字普惠金融能够显著减缓地区的相对贫困,同时城镇化水平、教育水平和对外开放程度的提高也有助于相对贫困的减缓;第二,数字普惠金融的减贫效应存在一定的中介效应,且这种效应是产业结构变迁带来的。

Under the background of rural revitalization,financial poverty alleviation is an indispensable measure of poverty alleviation in China.The development of digital inclusive finance plays an important role in winning the battle of poverty alleviation.At present,the absolute poverty in rural areas has been eliminated,while there are still groups in relative poverty.Based on panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019,this paper uses the method of GMM to study the poverty reduction effect of digital Inclusive Finance,including the analysis of the total effect of digital inclusive finance on the reduction of regional relative poverty level,and the intermediary effect analysis of industrial structure in this process.The results show that digital inclusive finance has a significant role in alleviating regional relative poverty,and the improvement of regional urbanization,education level and the degree of opening to the outside world also contributes to the alleviation of relative poverty.In addition,the poverty reduction effect of digital inclusive finance has a certain intermediary effect,which is brought about by the change of industrial structure.