低轨卫星通信网络路由技术综述

Survey of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Communication Network Routing Technology

低轨卫星通信网络是万物互联时代的重要组成部分,而卫星星座拓扑高动态、资源异构受限、网络服务能力不均衡等特性使得传统应用于地面网络的路由协议不再适用于低轨卫星通信网络。对此,国内外学者展开了广泛的低轨卫星路由技术研究,首先分别从星上路由和星地路由两方面对低轨卫星路由研究现状进行讨论,详细梳理并对比以业务为核心和以拓扑为核心两个角度的星上路由技术。在此基础上,分析低轨卫星路由策略面临的关键问题,即网络拓扑高动态、星间链路传播时延大、网络负载不均匀和星上资源有限,进而针对上述问题对低轨卫星路由技术的未来研究进行相应展望。

Low earth orbit satellite communication network is an important part of the internet of everything era, but the characteristics of satellite constellation topology such as high dynamic, limited heterogeneous resources and unbalanced network service capacity make the traditional routing protocol applied to the ground network no longer suitable for low earth orbit satellite network. In this regard, scholars at home and abroad had carried out extensive research on low-orbit satellite routing technology. Firstly, the research status of low-orbit satellite routing was discussed from inter-satellite routing and satellite-to-ground routing, and the inter-satellite routing technologies with business as the core and topology as the core were compared in detail. On this basis, the key problems faced by low-orbit satellite routing strategies were analyzed, namely, high dynamic network topology, large inter-satellite link propagation delay, uneven network load and limited on-board resources. The future research of routing technology was prospected accordingly.