鱼饵料中地西泮含量调查及其对水产品养殖影响分析

Investigation of diazepam content in fish bait and analysis of its impact on aquaculture

本研究调查了垂钓鱼饵料中地西泮(Diazepam,DZP)的存在情况,并对导致水产品中DZP残留的可能性进行分析。本研究收集了23个地区的35个垂钓鱼用饵料样品,采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法进行定性、定量测定。发现共有14个样品筛查出DZP,检出率40%,其含量为1.08~82214.00μg/kg,其关联降解产物去甲地西泮(Nordiazepam)、替马西泮(Temazepam)和奥沙西泮(Oxazepam)的检出率分别为2.86%、11.43%和11.43%,含量分别小于等于4.93μg/kg、2055.00μg/kg和968.00μg/kg。结果表明:DZP在鱼饵料样品中的检出率较高,且部分样品含量极高,其降解关联产物总量与DZP含量的比例低于4.80%,提示其存在极有可能是人为添加所致。使用含有DZP的饵料可能是水产品及其养殖地受其污染的主要原因之一,与垂钓渔业相关的水产养殖产业存在很高的被动用药风险,对消费者健康及中国水产养殖业全链条监管具有潜在影响。亟需进行饵料中DZP原药的来源调查、在污染水产品中代谢、对水产品行为影响、消费者食用安全风险、替代药物方案等方面的研究。

This study investigated the content of diazepam(DZP)in fish bait and analyzed its possibility in causing DZP residues in aquatic products.A total of 35 samples from 23 different regions of China were collected.These samples were determined by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Results showed 14 samples were screened for DZP,its detection rate was 40%,and its content ranged from 1.08-82214.00μg/kg.The detection rates of its associated degradation products,nordiazepam,temazepam and oxazepam,were 2.86%,11.43%and 11.43%,respectively,and the concentrations were no more than 4.93μg/kg,2055μg/kg and 968μg/kg,respectively.the results showed that the detection rate of DZP in fish bait samples was high,and some samples was extremely high.The ratio of the total amount of degradation-related products to DZP content was less than 4.8%,suggesting that the artificial addition in the fish bait could account for the presence of DZP.The use of DZP containing fish bait could be one of the main causes of DZP contamination of aquatic products and their farming areas.There is a high risk of passive drug use in the aquaculture industry associated with fishing activities,leading to potential impact on consumer health and the aquaculture whole chain supervision in China.Urgent research is needed on investigation of the source of DZP in fish baits,metabolism in contaminated aquatic products,behavioral effects on aquatic products,safety risks of consumer consumption,and alternative drug options.