大型深凹露天矿边坡稳定性研究及智能监测系统应用

Study on slope stability of large deep concave open-pit mine and application of intelligent monitoring system

深凹露天矿山开采过程中易产生滑坡、泥石流、危岩垮落等地质灾害,为保证露天采场人员及设备安全,需开展深凹露天矿边坡稳定性研究。利用3DMine构建深凹露天矿三维模型,而后导入FLAC3D进行8个分区的露天矿边坡应力应变数值。从竖直方向位移、最大(小)主应力分布状态、剪切应变方面进行分析得出:竖直方向几乎无位移,露天边坡整体稳定性较强;局部台阶坡面存在应力集中现象,应加强监测。在实际工程中,矿山引入边坡智能监测系统,利用雷达扫描及GNSS在线数据集成技术形成三维可视化边坡模型,实时监测边坡空间位移变化数据,实际监测结果表明开采后边坡薄弱面发生位移,与数值模拟结果一致。文章创新点在于利用有限元数值模拟手段与实际工程中的三维智能监测系统相结合,可有效防治露天开采时所面临的地质灾害问题,对同类高大边坡安全稳定性研究具有一定的参考价值。

Geological disasters such as landslides, debris flows, and dangerous rock collapses are likely to occur during the mining of deep open-pit mines.To ensure the safety of personnel and equipment in the open pit, it is necessary to stduy on the slope stability of deep open-pit mines.Use 3 DMine to build a 3 D model of a deep open-pit mine, and then import it into FLAC3 D to calculate the stress and strain values of the open-pit mine slope in 8 zones.From the analysis of vertical displacement, the maximum(small)principal stress distribution, and shear strain, it is concluded that there is almost no vertical displacement, and the overall stability of the open-air slope is strong;Strengthen monitoring, introduction of slope intelligent monitoring system in actual engineering, in which a three-dimensional visual slope model is formed by using radar scanning and GNSS online data integration technology to monitor the slope spatial displacement change data in real-time.The actual monitoring results show that the weak surface of the slope is displaced after mining, which is consistent with the numerical simulation results.The innovation of the paper lies in the use of finite element numerical simulation software to establish a three-dimensional open-pit mine overall model for slope stability research.Combined with the three-dimensional intelligent management and control system in actual engineering to monitor tall and large slopes, it can effectively prevent the geological problems encountered in open-pit mining.It has a certain reference value for the research on the safety and stability of similar tall and large slopes.