数字化时代新基建重塑职业教育生态系统的挑战与因应

Challenges and Strategies:The New Infrastructure in the Digital Era Reshapes the Vocational Education Ecosystem

新基建作为数字化时代的新结构性力量,为职业教育整体性系统变革带来了创新契机。我国职业教育基建事业经历了“双技术赋能”“环境重建”“系统变革”三个阶段,无论处于何时期,基础设施的性质都会对职业教育生态系统产生正向影响。然而,目前新基建在重塑职业教育生态系统进程中正遭遇支撑低、融度低、效评低的挑战。为此,提出通过大数据创新职业教育知识与技能共享机制,运用虚拟现实技术夯实高素质技术技能人才培养手段,借助数字孪生技术加码互嵌共生型职业教育实训基地,凭借5G网络打造具备公共服务能力的云上院校,依靠人工智能推进职业院校数据治理大变革,以重塑开放多元的职业教育生态系统。

As the new structural force in the digital era, the new infrastructure has brought innovation opportunities to the overall system reform of vocational education. In China, infrastructure development in vocational education has gone through three stages. Stage 1 is the empowerment of digital media and information technology in instruction, stage 2 is the reconstruction of informationization environment in schools, and stage 3 is the system transformation in education. Whatever the period may be, the improvement of infrastructure has a positive impact on the vocational education ecosystem. However, at present, technical failure in teaching, unreasonable arrangement of digital resources, and inefficient evaluation have obstructed the new infrastructure to reshape this ecosystem. For an open and pluralistic ecosystem, some measures need to be taken. First, big data can be used to innovate the sharing mechanism of vocational education knowledge and skills. Second, teachers can apply the virtual reality technology to improve the cultivation of high-quality skilled technical talents. Third, vocational schools are able to use digital twin technology in embedded symbiotic training bases. Fourth, 5G network can be used to build cloud colleges that are able to serve the public. Fifth,vocational schools can promote great reform of data governance by using the artificial intelligence.