政治经济学批判视域下“数字资本主义”重勘

Re-exploration of“Digital Capitalism”from the Perspective of Critique of Political Economy

严格地说,数字资本主义是资本主义自身“数学化”的一种呈现方式。依照数字资本主义的看法,数字不仅能够重塑资本主义、摆脱危机,更重要的是,它还能够结束资本主义走向社会主义的方向。实质上,数字生产或劳动并没有改变资本主义生产方式,也并非是价值创造的来源。因而,我们应当认识到以计算剩余价值为目的的资本主义“生产关系”始终没有改变,数字只是生产力的要素,这是我们判定数字资本主义质性的基本入口。为此,将政治经济学批判带入到当下的资本主义新进展的分析中,需要持守一些基本原则:资本主义生产关系是我们把握其中生产力的关键视角;资本主义的治理方式强化了“同一性”,政治经济学批判则有助于“非同一性的回归”;立足解放而非控制依然是审视当代资本主义全新变化的基本出发点。

Strictly speaking,digital capitalism is a way to present“mathematization”of capitalism itself.According to the view of digital capitalism,digit can not only reshape capitalism and get rid of the crisis,but more importantly,it can also end the direction of capitalism towards socialism.Essentially,digital production or labor has not changed the capitalist mode of production,nor is it the source of value creation.Therefore,we should realize that the capitalist“relations of production”for the purpose of calculating surplus value has never changed,and numbers are only the elements of productive forces,which is the basic entrance for us to judge the quality of digital capitalism.Therefore,to bring the critique of political economy into the analysis of the current new progress of capitalism,we need to adhere to some basic principles:capitalist relations of production are the key perspective for us to grasp the productive forces;capitalist governance strengthens“identity”,while political economy criticism contributes to“the return of non-identity”;liberation rather than control is still the basic starting point for examining the new changes of contemporary capitalism.