技术如何更智慧:农村发展中的数字乡村性与智慧乡村建设

How to Make Technology More Intelligent:Digital Rurality and Smart Village Construction in Rural Development

乡村与数字技术在不同空间尺度上交织,当代农村正在出现全新的数字乡村性。技术连接性的研究视角强调了数字技术对于农村发展的解放潜能,但却忽略了对技术干预多维后果的考察,容易带来技术目标论的观点。“技术”与“智慧”之间不能简单等同,数字技术为农村发展带来数字资本的同时,也使得农村陷入“技术不智慧”和“技术升级、智慧降级”的发展困境。乡村数字化发展有待于全面实现从数字化到智慧化的迈进,进一步突出“人”的独特性、内生性、能动性和可及能力。如何实现技术增强型的“智慧乡村”,可以从社会、道德、自觉、抗逆力以及技术5个维度来综合考虑“智慧”概念及其在乡村数字化建设中的引入和衔接。

Rural society interwines with digital technologies on different spatial scales,coming with new emerging digital rurality in contemporary rural areas.The research perspective of technological connectivity emphasizes the emanicipation potential of digital technologies for rural development,while ignores the multidimensional consequences of technological interventions,which can easily lead to the perspective of technological goals.“Technology”and“Smartness”can not be simply equated.Digital technology brings social capital to rural development,but also stucks rural areas in traps of“technology is not smart”and“technology upgrade,smartness downgrade”development dilemma.The digital development of rural areas needs to fully transform from digitalization to smartization,and also highlight the people-centered uniqueness,endogenousness,agency and accessibility.How to achieve a technologically-enhanced Smart Village?This article comprehensively considers the internal link between“smartness”and the digital construction of rural areas from five dimensions——society,morality,consciousness,resilience,and technology.