“一带一路”建设背景下中国与东盟国家农业科技合作的选择机制

Selection Mechanism of Agricultural Science and Technology Cooperation Between China and ASEAN Countries Under the Background of "the Belt and Road" Construction

目前中国与东盟国家的农业科技合作仍处于初始阶段,因此探讨中国与东盟各国农业科技合作选择机制以推动提升区域合作制度化水平和增强发展策略有效性,以期为推动“一带一路”建设高质量发展提供参考。首先对东盟主要国家的经济发展状况进行多维度分析,结合各国产业发展特点和趋势构建东盟国家农业科技合作环境水平评价指标体系,在此基础上分析东盟主要国家农业国际科技合作环境水平以及中国与其农业科技合作现状;然后采用聚类分析方法将东盟主要国家划分为5类,基于分类管理原则提出中国加强与东盟主要国家开展农业科技合作的主要内容和方式等。结果显示:中国与老挝、缅甸和柬埔寨开展农业科技合作的重点在于提高基础设施水平和农业生产力,尤其是基于自然资源的农业技术创新;与泰国和越南加强稻米产业科技合作,尤其是提升优质稻米产业的数字化供应链水平;与印度尼西亚和菲律宾加强农业数字化和技术创新合作;与马来西亚侧重技术密集型农业领域合作;而与文莱则以加强科技交流为主。最后,从农业领域培育特色优势经济增长点、建设区别化合作平台和推进信息网络建设等方面提出中国进一步加强与东盟国家开展农业科技合作的对策建议。

At present, the agricultural science and technology cooperation between China and ASEAN countries is still in the initial stage, therefore, this paper discusses the selection mechanism of agricultural science and technology cooperation between China and ASEAN countries to promote the institutionalization level of regional cooperation and enhance the effectiveness of the development strategy, in order to provide reference for promoting the high-quality development of "the Belt and Road" construction. First of all, the economic development of major ASEAN countries is analyzed in multiple dimensions, and the evaluation index system of agricultural science and technology cooperation in the agricultural science and technology cooperation of ASEAN countries is constructed, on this basis, the environmental level of international agricultural science and technology cooperation among major ASEAN countries and the status of agricultural science and technology cooperation are analyzed. Then, the cluster analysis method is adopted to classify major ASEAN countries into five categories, and based on the classification management principle, the main contents and methods for China to strengthen agricultural science and technology cooperation with major ASEAN countries are proposed. The results show that China’s agricultural science and technology cooperation with Laos, Myanmar and Cambodia focuses on improving infrastructure level and agricultural productivity, especially agricultural technology innovation based on natural resources;strengthen scientific and technological cooperation with Thailand and Vietnam,especially to improve the digital supply chain level of high-quality rice industry;strengthen cooperation with Indonesia and the Philippines on agricultural digitization and technological innovation, with Malaysia on technology-intensive agriculture, and with Brunei on strengthening scientific and technological exchanges. Finally, it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for China to further strengthen agricultural science and technology cooperation with ASEAN countries from the aspects of cultivating characteristic and advantageous economic growth points in the agricultural field, building differentiated cooperation platforms and promoting the construction of information network.