中国语境的社会主义启蒙叙事

Socialist Enlightenment Narrative in Chinese Context

在五四新文化运动已逾百年之际,讨论一个与其紧密相关的主题——启蒙,甚为重要。即使在西方,整个启蒙运动过程本身也极为复杂,内涵亦相当丰富。如何在中国独特的语境下认识启蒙的中国叙事,这本身既是重大的理论问题,又是迫切的现实任务。要正确认识近代中国产生的独特的启蒙运动及其内在价值,就必须对冒以普世价值之名的西方中心主义保持清醒认知,摒弃在启蒙意识形态支配下的抽离了具体历史环境的,视自由民主为一种绝对价值的启蒙观影响,进而厘清深受此影响的“救亡压倒启蒙”论断的理论偏见与潜在风险。同时,需进一步结合中国近代以来社会政治的具体问题与实践条件,在民族危机、救亡图存、肩负着反帝反封建双重历史任务的背景下,正确认识中国启蒙运动的社会主义叙事,及其与社会主义道路的内在关联,以此为当下民族复兴“中国梦”的新主题、时代新任务,提供价值支撑,贡献精神力量。

As the New Culture Movement has been around for more than a hundred years,it is very important to discuss a topic closely related to enlightenment.Even in the West,the entire Enlightenment is extremely complex and rich in content.How to understand the Chinese narrative of enlightenment from China’s unique social background is not only a major theoretical issue,but also an urgent practical task.To correctly understand the unique Enlightenment movement and its intrinsic value in modern China,it is necessary to maintain a clear understanding of the Western-centrism in the name of universal value,and abandon those who have drawn away from the specific historical environment under the domination of the Enlightenment ideology.Regarding freedom and democracy as the absolute value of enlightenment,we can clarify the theoretical bias and potential risks of the proposition“salvation overwhelming enlightenment”that is deeply influenced by this value.At the same time,it is necessary to further integrate the specific social and political issues and practical conditions of China in modern times.Under the background of the national crisis,the survival of the nation,and the dual historical tasks of anti-imperialist and anti-feudalism,a correct understanding of the socialist narrative of the Chinese Enlightenment and its relationship of the socialist road has been produced.In this way,it would provide value support and contribute spiritual strength for the new theme of salvation and the new task of the era for the current national rejuvenation of the“Chinese Dream.”