8464例女性HPV感染情况、亚型分布及与宫颈细胞病变的相关性分析

Correlation analysis on HPV infection, subtype distribution and cervical lesions:8 464 female patients

目的 分析8 464例延安地区女性宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染趋势变化和HPV亚型分布情况,为宫颈病变和宫颈癌的防治提供科学依据。方法 收集2019年3月1日—2021年3月1日在延安大学附属医院门诊部进行HPV检测的8 464例女性患者资料,分析其HPV感染情况及分型特点。结果 8 464例女性患者中,HPV感染率为20.58%(1 742例),在1 742例感染者中,高危型HPV感染率为74.74%(1 302例),低危型HPV感染率为10.68%(186例),混合型HPV感染率为14.58%(254例);单一HPV感染率为72.39%(1 261例),多重感染率为27.61%(481例);在HPV感染女性患者年龄分布中,<25岁组HPV感染率最高,为24.22%;HPV亚型中检出率最高的分别为HPV16(占17.34%)、HPV52(占12.63%)和HPV58型(占8.04%)。HPV不同亚型在宫颈细胞学病变级别中的比率不同,HPV16型在HSIL+患者中检出率高达28.49%。结论 HPV16、HPV52和HPV58型是延安地区女性患者HPV感染最常见的高危型。应重视HPV的筛查,同时可通过定期检测、接种HPV疫苗、规范性生活等方式提高免疫力等,从而有效预防宫颈癌。

Objective To provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of cervical lesions and cervical cancer by analyzing the trend of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection, and distribution of HPV subtypes in 8 464 female cervical cancer patients in Yan′an.Methods The data of 8 464 female patients receiving HPV tests in the Outpatient Department, Yan′an University Affiliated Hospital from March 1,2019 to March 1,2021 were collected to analyze HPV infection conditions and typing characteristics of the female patients.Results The HPV infection rate of 8 464 female patients was 20.58%(1 742 cases),in which the infection rate of high risk HPV was 74.74%(1 302 cases),and the infection rate of low risk HPV was 10.68%(186 cases);HPV infection rate was 14.58%(254 cases);the infection rate of HPV monotypes was 72.39%(1 261 cases);the multiple severe infection rate was 27.61%(481 cases);and the HPV infection rate of patients below 25 years old was the maximum, hitting 24.22%;HPV subtypes with maximum positive rate were HPV16 monotype(17.34%),HPV52 monotype(12.63%) and HPV58 monotype(8.04%),respectively.Different HPV subtypes produced varied rates in cervical cytology lesions.The positive rate of subtype HPV16 in HSIL+ patients hit 28.49%.Conclusion The subtypes involving HPV16,HPV52 and HPV58 are the most common high risk types of HPV infection in women in Yan′an.HPV screening should be emphasized.Women are supported to improve their immunity through regular testing, HPV vaccination and standardized sex life, thereby effectively preventing cervical cancer.