淮南市某教学医院金黄色葡萄球菌临床分布及耐药性分析

Clinical distribution of Staphylococcus aureus in a teaching hospital in Huainan and drug resistance analysis

目的 了解2018年7月—2021年3月淮南市某教学医院金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,SA)临床分离株的标本来源、临床科室分布及耐药情况,为临床治疗合理选择抗菌药物提供理论依据。方法 采用美国BD PhoenixTM 100全自动细菌鉴定/药敏系统对2018年7月—2021年3月收集的淮南市某教学医院160株SA进行鉴定和药敏试验,数据结果采用WHONET 5.6软件进行分析。结果 160株SA中共检出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)69株,占43.12%。160株SA标本主要来源于分泌物(40.62%)、呼吸道标本(32.50%)、脓液(14.38%)以及血液(7.50%);主要分布在骨科(18.75%)、新生儿科(13.75%)、普外科(13.12%)、重症医学科(11.88%)及儿科(11.25%)。而MRSA对青霉素、苯唑西林和阿莫西林/克拉维酸耐药率均为100.00%,对红霉素(72.46%)和克林霉素(69.57%)的耐药率均高于SA。结论 淮南市某教学医院应加强对MRSA的监测,规范合理地使用抗菌药物,以阻止耐药菌株的流行。

Abatract: Objective To provide the evidence for rational selection use of antibiotics in clinical treatment by understanding the sample source, clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus(SA) isolated from a teaching hospital in Huainan from July 2018 to March 2021.Methods Totally 160 strains of SA collected a teaching hospital in Huainan from July 2018 to March 2021 were subject to the identification and drug sensitivity test, with BD PhoenixTM 100 automatic bacteria identification and drug sensitivity system, and the data and results were analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.Results Totally 69 strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) were detected in 160 strains of SA,accounting for 43.12%.The 160 strains of SA specimens mainly came from secretion(40.62%),respiratory tract(32.50%),pus(14.38%) and blood(7.50%),and the specimens were mainly distributed in orthopedics(18.75%),neonatology(13.75%),general surgery(13.12%),intensive care unit(11.88%) and pediatrics(11.25%).The resistance rate of MRSA to penicillin, benzoxacillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium were 100.00%.The resistance rate of MRSA to erythromycin(72.46%) and clindamycin(69.57%) was higher than that of SA.Conclusion The monitoring of MRSA from a teaching hospital in Huainan should be strengthened, and antibiotics should be reasonably selected to prevent the prevalence of resistant organism.