571份HIV确证试验结果分析

Analysis of 571 HIV confirmatory tests

目的 分析延安地区571份标本筛查结果为艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)阳性的确证试验结果。方法 2015—2020年延安市辖区内各个筛查实验室送检的571份HIV阳性标本,通过免疫印迹试验(Western blotting, WB)进行确证试验,用SPSS 22.0软件进行结果统计分析。结果 HIV-1抗体阳性率为76.53%,HIV-1抗体不确定率为4.73%,HIV-1抗体阴性率为18.74%。送检单位中医院HIV阳性率最高,为91.44%,来自血站的HIV阳性率最低,为26.32%,不同送检单位HIV抗体WB试验结果分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.975,P<0.01)。HIV-1抗体阳性男女比例为5.25∶1,女性患者的阴性率(χ^(2)=2.543,P<0.05)比男性患者高,不同性别HIV抗体WB试验结果分布差异有统计学意义。HIV-1抗体阳性患者中全带型最高为57.66%。gp160、gp120型所占比例均为100.00%;p17型和p55型所占比例较低,分别为89.19%和70.27%;男、女性患者p17型检出率最低。结论 延安市男性HIV患者较多,医院送检的阳性率最高,确证患者的条带型以全带型为主。

Objective To analyze the confirmatory test results of screening results of 571 specimens with positive human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) in Yan′an region.Methods Totally 571 HIV-positive samples submitted by screening laboratories in governed areas of Yan′an were tested by Western blotting(WB) for confirmatory tests from 2015 to 2020,and SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of results.Results The positive rate, uncertainty rate and negative rate of HIV-1 antibodies was 76.53%,4.73%,and 18.74%,respectively.The positive rate of HIV from traditional Chinese hospitals among submission organizations was maximum, hitting 91.44%,and the positive rate of HIV from blood stations was minimum, hitting 26.32%,and the difference in the distribution of WB test results of HIV antibodies from different submission organizations was statistically significant(χ^(2)=18.975,P<0.01).The men-to-women ratio of HIV-1 positive antibodies was 5.25∶1.The negative rate of female patients(χ^(2)=2.543,P<0.05) was higher than that of male patients.The difference in the distribution of WB test results of HIV anti-bodies with different sexes was statistically significant.The percent of full-branding pattern positive HIV-1 was maximum, hitting 57.66%.The percent of Type gp160 and Type gp120 was 100.00%;and the percent of Type p17 and Type p55 was relatively low, hitting 89.19% and 70.27%,respectively;the positive rate of Type p17 was the minimum in men and women.Conclusion There are more men with HIV patients in Yan′an, and the positive rate of specimens from hospitals is maximum, and the banding pattern of confirmed patients is dominated by full branding pattern.