南京市不同人群麻风病防治核心知识知晓率调查

Investigation of awareness rate of leprosy core knowledge prevention and control among different population in Nanjing

目的 了解南京市不同人群对麻风病防治核心知识知晓率现状,为今后麻风病的防治工作提供更精准的科学依据。方法 2020年10—12月,采取分层随机抽样方法选取城镇居民、农村居民、中学生和密切接触者四类人群共739人,开展麻风病防治核心知识问卷调查。结果 南京市麻风病防治核心知识总知晓率为57.24%;不同人群麻风病防治核心知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.74,P<0.05)。不同年龄、不同职业人群麻风病防治核心知识知晓率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.37,P<0.05;χ^(2)=14.75,P<0.05)。单一麻风病防治核心知晓率中,麻风病的早期症状知晓率最高(60.62%)。公众获取麻风病防治核心知识的途径以宣传活动、电视广播居多,分别为60.49%、58.86%。结论 2020年南京市不同人群对麻风病防治核心知识知晓率偏低,未能达到国家消除麻风病危害规划的预期目标,需针对不同人群开展多元化的健康教育形式。

Objective To understand the awareness rate of leprosy core knowledge prevention and control among different populations in Nanjing, and to provide a more accurate scientific basis for the prevention and control of leprosy in the future.Methods From October to December 2020,a total of 739 people, including urban residents, township residents, middle school students and close contacts, were selected by stratified random sampling method to carry out a questionnaire survey on core knowledge of leprosy prevention and control.Results The overall awareness rate of leprosy control core knowledge in Nanjing was 57.24%,and the difference in the knowledge rate of leprosy control core knowledge among different groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=34.74,P<0.05).The differences in the awareness rate of core knowledge of leprosy prevention and control among different age groups and different occupational groups were statistically significant(χ^(2)=18.37,P<0.05;χ^(2)=14.75,P<0.05).Among the core awareness rates of single leprosy prevention and control, the awareness rate of the early symptoms of leprosy was the highest(60.62%).Public access to the core knowledge of leprosy prevention and treatment was mainly through publicity activities and television broadcasts, with 60.49% and 58.86% respectively.Conclusion In 2020,the awareness rate of leprosy core knowledge prevention and control among different population groups in Nanjing is low, failing to meet the expected goal of the national plan to eliminate leprosy hazards and diversified forms of health education are needed for different populations.