2010—2020年郑州市中原区手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou City from 2010 to 2020

目的 分析2010—2020年郑州市中原区手足口病流行特征,为制定科学防控对策提供依据。方法 收集2010—2020年郑州市中原区手足口病监测资料,并进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2010—2020年郑州市中原区共报告手足口病病例17 595例,平均发病率为240.91/10万;5—6月为每年发病最高峰,病例数最多的地区分别为桐柏路街道(3 166例)、航海西路街道(2 429例)和须水街道(1 760例),占病例总数的41.80%。男性病例10 587例(60.17%),女性病例7 008例(39.83%),男女性别比为1.51∶1;病例年龄以5岁以下儿童为主,共16 054例,占病例总数的91.24%。手足口病病原体以EV 71和其他肠道病毒为主,分别占40.35%和41.09%。聚集性疫情共发生410起,主要发生在托幼机构,共361起,占88.05%。未发生暴发疫情。结论 2010—2020年郑州市中原区手足口病有明显的季节性和周期性,应加强对重点人群的监测和管理,及时控制疫情的传播与发展。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Zhongyuan District of Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2020,to provide a basis for formulating scientific prevention and control countermeasures.Methods The surveillance data of HFMD in Zhongyuan District of Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2020 were collected and descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 17 595 cases of HFMD were reported in Zhongyuan District of Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2020,with an average incidence rate of 240.91/100 000,the highest annual incidence was recorded in May and June, with the largest number of cases in Tongbai Road Street(3 166 cases),Hanghai West Road Street(2 429 cases) and Xushui Street(1 760 cases),accounting for 41.80% of the total number cases.There were 10 587 male cases(60.17%) and 7 008 female cases(39.83%).The sex ratio of male to female was 1.51∶1,the age of the cases was predominantly children under 5 years old, with 16 054 cases, accounting for 91.24% of the total number of cases.EV 71 and other enteroviruses dominated the HFMD pathogens, accounting for 40.35% and 41.09% respectively.There were 410 cases of concentrated outbreaks, mainly in children institutions, with 361 cases(88.05%).No outbreaks occurred.Conclusion HFMD in Zhongyuan District of Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2020 has obvious seasonality and periodicity, surveillance and management of key populations should be strengthened to control the spread development of the epidemic in a timely manner.