绵阳市涪城区2015—2020年丙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiologic features of viral hepatitis C in Fucheng District, Mianyang City from 2015 to 2020

目的 了解绵阳市涪城区2015—2020年丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)流行病学特征,为制定丙肝防制措施与策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对绵阳市涪城区2015—2020年报告的丙肝流行病学特征进行分析。结果 绵阳市涪城区2015—2020年报告丙肝病例1 477例,年均发病率为44.32/10万,呈逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=18.95,P<0.01),不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=30.89,P<0.01),报告丙肝占病毒性肝炎发病总数的百分比也同步上升。乡镇发病率高于城区,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=727.40,P<0.01);全年各月均有发病,无季节性发病高峰(r=0.003 6,P>0.05);年龄以50岁以上发病率最高,发病率达105.26/10万;男性发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.09,P<0.01);职业以农民和民工为主,占发病总数的50.10%。1 477例丙肝病例中确诊1 035例,临床诊断422例;急性病例23例,慢性1 257例,未分型197例。无死亡病例报告。结论 绵阳市涪城区2015—2020年丙肝发病呈逐年上升趋势,应采取综合防制措施与策略,预防与控制丙肝的发生与流行。

Objective To understand the epidemiologic features of viral hepatitis C(hepatitis C) in Fucheng District, Mianyang City from 2015 to 2020,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating of hepatitis C prevention and control measures and strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiologic features of hepatitis C reported from 2015 to 2020 in Fucheng District, Mianyang City.Results From 2015 to 2020,1 477 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Fucheng District, Mianyang City, with an average annual incidence rate of 44.32/100 000.The incidence rate was on the rise year by year(χ_(trend)^(2)=18.95,P<0.01),and the difference in incidence rates between different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=30.89,P<0.01),the percentage of reported hepatitis C in the total number of viral hepatitis cases also increased simultaneously.The incidence rate in villages and towns was higher than that in urban areas, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=727.40,P<0.01);the incidence occurred every month of the year, with no seasonal peak in incidence(r=0.003 6,P>0.05);the highest incidence was over 50 years old, with the incidence rate of 105.26/100 000;the incidence rate in men was higher than that in women, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=27.09,P<0.01);the occupations were mainly farmers and migrant workers, accounting for 50.10% of the total incidence.Among the 1 477 cases of hepatitis C,1 035 were confirmed, 422 were clinically diagnosed;23 were acute, 1 257 were chronic, and 197 were unstaged.No deaths cases were reported.Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis C in Fucheng District of Mianyang City is on the rise year by year from 2015 to 2020,and comprehensive prevention and treatment measures and strategies should be adopted to prevent and control its occurrence and prevalence.