巴彦淖尔市2018—2020年人间布鲁菌病流行特征分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Bayannur City from 2018 to 2020

目的 了解巴彦淖尔市2018—2020年人间布鲁菌病(布病)的流行特征及变化趋势,为布病防控措施和策略的制定提供参考依据。方法 对巴彦淖尔市2018—2020年人间布病疫情的流行概况、流行特征及流行趋势进行描述分析。结果 巴彦淖尔市2018—2020年累计报告3 643例布病病例,未出现重症及死亡病例,各年发病率分别为56.24/10万(956例)、71.76/10万(1 220例)、86.29/10万(1 467例),呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=45.127,P<0.01)。发病主要集中在3—8月,占病例总数的62.39%,最大值出现在5月;发病较多的前4位旗县区分别为乌拉特前旗、五原县、临河区、乌拉特中旗,占病例总数的93.01%;男女性别比为2.75∶1;发病年龄主要集中在40~<70岁组,占病例总数的75.21%。职业以农民为主,占病例总数的79.22%。结论 巴彦淖尔市人间布病发病率呈上升趋势,建议加强多部门联防联控、人间疫情监测和高危人群布病防控知识宣传教育,防止疫情进一步扩大、蔓延。

Objective To understand the status of epidemiological characteristics and popular change tendency of human brucellosis in Bayannur City, to provide a reference for the formulation of brucellosis prevention and control measures and strategies for the future.Methods Descriptive analysis of the epidemic profile, epidemiological characteristics and epidemic trends of human brucellosis epidemic in Bayannur City from 2018 to 2020.Results A total of 3 643 cases of brucellosis were reported in Bayannur from 2018 to 2020,without severe cases or deaths.The annual incidence rates were 56.24/100 000(956 cases),71.76/100 000(1 220 cases) and 86.29/100 000(1 467 cases),showing an increasing trend year by year, with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=45.127,P<0.01).The incidence mainly occurred in March-August, accounting for 62.39% of the total cases, and the maximum value occurred in May.The top 4 counties with more cases were Wulateqian Banner, Wuyuan County, Linhe District and Wulatezhong Banner, accounting for 93.01% of the total cases.The ratio of male to female was 2.75∶1;the age distribution of incidence was mainly concentrated in the 40 to <70 years old group, accounting for 75.21% of the total cases.Occupation was mainly farmers, accounting for 79.22% of the total cases.Conclusion The incidence of human brucellosis in Bayannur City is on the rise.It is recommended to strengthen multi-sector joint prevention and control, human epidemic surveillance, and publicity and education of knowledge of brucellosis prevention and control among high-risk groups to prevent further spread of the epidemic.