深圳市罗湖区流行性出血热疫点人群抗体水平调查分析

Investigation and analysis of antibody level in the population at epidemic hemorrhagic fever sites in Luohu District of Shenzhen

目的 了解深圳市罗湖区流行性出血热(epidemic hemorrhagic fever, EHF)疫点人群流行性出血热抗体水平,为制定切实可行的流行性出血热预防控制措施提供依据。方法 收集深圳市罗湖区流行性出血热疫点人群血样,进行EHF-IgG抗体水平检测,并采用描述性流行病学方法和χ^(2)检验进行统计分析。结果 深圳市罗湖区共采集流行性出血热疫点人群202份血样,EHF-IgG抗体阳性12份,阳性率为5.94%。不同性别、年龄人群EHF-IgG抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.019、0.035,P>0.05);初中及以下、高中及以上人群EHF-IgG抗体阳性率分别为9.71%和2.02%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.340,P<0.05);居住场所发现老鼠和鼠迹的人群、未发现老鼠和鼠迹的人群EHF-IgG抗体阳性率分别为9.09%和2.17%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.290,P<0.05);不同居住年限人群EHF-IgG抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.683,P>0.05)。结论 深圳市罗湖区流行性出血热疫点人群EHF-IgG抗体阳性率与文化程度、居住场所环境有关。加强防鼠灭鼠,改善老旧小区的环境卫生条件,同时加强对外来务工人群的健康教育和流行性出血热疫苗的接种宣传,是防控流行性出血热的重要举措。

Objective To understand the antibody level of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(EHF) in the population of Luohu District of Shenzhen, and to provide a basis for formulating feasible preventive and control measures of EHF.Methods Blood samples were collected from the population at the EHF outbreak site in Luohu District, Shenzhen, and investigated for EHF-IgG antibody levels, and descriptive epidemiological method and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 202 blood samples were collected from EHF foci in Luohu District of Shenzhen, and 12 samples were positive for EHF-IgG antibody, with a positive rate of 5.94%.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of EHF-IgG among different gender and age groups(χ^(2)=0.019,0.035,P>0.05).The positive rates of EHF-IgG was 9.71% in the cases with junior high school or below, and 2.02% with high school graduates or above.The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.340,P<0.05).In addition, the positive rates of EHF-IgG was 9.09% in the cases whose living environment with mouse and mouse track, and 2.17% in those without mouse and mouse track.The difference was also statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.290,P<0.05).The difference in the rate of positive EHF-IgG antibodies among people with different years of residence was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=1.683,P>0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of EHF-IgG in the EHF epidemic population in Luohu District of Shenzhen is related to education level and the living environment.It is an important measure to prevent and control EHF to strengthen rodent control, improve the environmental sanitation conditions of the old community, strengthen the health education of migrant workers and the propaganda of EHF vaccination.