广西人狂犬病防制研究回顾

A review of research on rabies prevention and control in Guangxi

广西人狂犬病发病数历史上长期名列全国前茅,曾开展过两次大规模以主动防制为主和被动防制为辅的人狂犬病综合性防制项目,均取得非常明显的效果,但存在深刻的教训与挑战。1984—1995年第一次大规模人狂犬病防制项目期间,全区人狂犬病发病数由1984年的755例减少至1995年的24例,但随后数年发病数成倍增长,至2003年狂犬病发病数名列全国第一。2003—2017年第二次大规模人狂犬病防制项目期间,狂犬病发病数由2004年的601例减少至2017年的41例。2018—2020年全区人狂犬病疫情报告发病数持续减少,各年分别为34、23和11例。目前广西人狂犬病防制再次来到历史关键时期,所面临的挑战为如何长期坚持主动和被动防制措施,早日达到WHO所倡导的到2030年消除狗介导的人狂犬病目标。本文现对广西人狂犬病防制70年历史进行回顾分析。

Guangxi has historically been among the top countries in terms of human rabies incidence for a long time.There have been two large-scale comprehensive human rabies prevention and control projects with active preventions as the main focus and passive prevention as a supplement both of which have achieved very obvious results, but there are profound lessons and challenges.During the first large-scale human rabies prevention and control project from 1984 to 1995,the number of rabies cases in the region decreased from 755 cases in 1984 to 24 cases in 1995.However, the number of cases of rabies increased exponentially in the following years, and by 2003,the number of rabies cases ranked first in the China.During the second large-scale human rabies control project from 2003 to 2017,the number of rabies cases dropped from 601 cases in 2004 to 41 cases in 2017.From 2018 to 2020,the number of reported human rabies cases across the region continued to decreased, respectively, 34,23,and 11 cases.At present, human rabies control in Guangxi has once again reached a critical period in history.The challenge is to maintain active and passive control measures for a long time, and achieve the goal of eliminating dog-mediated rabies by 2030 advocated by the WHO as soon as possible.This paper now presents a retrospective analysis of the 70 year history of human rabies prevention and control in Guangxi.