迁安市2015—2019年性传播疾病疫情流行病学分析

Analysis on epidemic situation of sexually transmitted diseases in Qian′an from 2015 to 2019

目的 了解迁安市2015—2019年性传播疾病(性病)疫情流行病学和变化趋势,评价目前防治工作效果,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 收集迁安市2015—2019年报告的性病疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行统计分析。结果 迁安市2015—2019年共报告性病病例957例,报告年发病率为17.86/10万~29.27/10万,年均报告发病率为24.91/10万,无死亡病例,总发病率整体呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=690.528,P<0.05);病例以梅毒、淋病、尖锐湿疣为主,占性病病例总数的95.40%,梅毒报告病例以隐性梅毒为主,占梅毒病例总数的80.00%;男性病例略多于女性,男女比例为1.23∶1;发病年龄集中在20~<50岁组,占总数的70.22%(672/957);农民发病最多(65.10%);报告病例最多的为迁安镇329例,占总数的34.38%。结论 迁安市性病疫情整体呈下降趋势,梅毒仍是当前和今后性病防治的重心。农民、青壮年、老年人城镇居民是性病防治的重点人群,应采取综合防治措施控制性病疫情的发生、发展。

Objective To understand the epidemiology and change trend of sexually transmitted diseases(STD) in Qian′an from 2015 to 2019,evaluate the effects of current prevention and control service, and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods The epidemic data of STD in Qian′an reported from 2015 to 2019 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 957 cases of venereal diseases were reported in Qian′an from 2015 to 2019,the annual incidence rate of the reported cases ranged between 17.86/100 000 and 29.27/100 000,the average annual incidence rate was 24.91/100 000,and no death case was reported, and the overall incidence rate showed a downward trend(χ^(2)=690.528,P<0.05).The cases were dominated by syphilis, gonorrhea and condyloma acuminatum, accounting for 95.40% of the total cases.The reported cases of syphilis were mainly cryptic syphilis, accounting for 80.00% of total number of syphilis, and the number of male case was slightly greater than females with a male to female ratio of 1.23∶1.The onset age was concentrated in the 20-<50 group, accounrting 70.22%(672/957) of the total onset cases, and the onset number of farmers(65.10%) was most, and the most reported cases were 329 cases in Qian′an, accounting 34.38%.Conclusion The epidemic situation of STD in Qian′an shows downward trend.Syphilis remains being the focus of STD prevention and control currently and subsequently.Farmers, young adults, the elderly and urban residents are the key groups of STD prevention and control.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control the onset and development of epidemic situation of STD.