毒品替代发展战略解析

An analysis of drug alternative development strategy

替代发展是一项重要的减少毒品供应的战略,自上世纪80年代以来,在联合国禁毒机构特别是联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室的推动下,替代发展的理论和实践都取得了重大进展。在理论方面,替代发展的目的、理论假设、非法种植的驱动因素、影响替代发展项目实施的环境因素以及国家替代发展战略和成效评价机制都有所发展;在实践方面,替代发展经历了替代种植、农村综合发展和替代生计三个发展阶段。

Alternative development is an important strategy to reduce drug supply. Since the 1980 s, the theory and practice of alternative development have made significant progress, driven by the United Nations drug agencies, especially the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. The purpose of alternative development, theoretical hypothesis, driving factors of illegal cultivation, environmental factors affecting the implementation of alternative development projects, national alternative development strategy and effectiveness evaluation mechanism have all been developed. On the practical level, alternative development has experienced three development stages: alternative planting, integrated rural development and alternative livelihood.