土壤有效态微量营养元素空间变异特征及对稻米品质的影响

Spatial variability of available micronutrient elements in soil and their relationship with rice quality

为了实现天津小站稻种植区土壤微量营养元素肥的合理配施,在节肥增效的基础上进一步提高稻米品质,基于40份稻田土壤样品、6种微量营养元素有效态数据和5个稻米品质指标,采用地统计方法和克里格插值法分析了土壤有效S、Mn、B、Cu、Mo和Ni的空间变异特征,并结合相关性分析方法探讨了其对稻米品质的影响。研究区土壤有效S、Mn、B、Cu、Mo和Ni平均含量分别为210.10、41.73、2.29、5.68、0.20和0.55 mg/kg,空间上多呈面状展布;6种元素的块基比都小于25%;透明度与有效S显著正相关,整精米率与有效Mo显著负相关,胶稠度与有效Cu和Mo显著正相关,直链淀粉与有效Mo显著负相关,蛋白质与有效B显著正相关。研究认为,研究区土壤6种元素含量达到了中等及以上水平,空间格局规律性较强,具强烈的空间自相关性,可通过对S、Cu、B、Mo中微量元素肥的合理配施进一步提升小站稻的品质。

Based on the 40 soil samples collected from Tianjin Xiaozhan Rice planting area,the 6 available micronutrient elements and the 5 rice quality indicators,using geostatistics,Kriging interpolation and correlation analysis,this paper analyzed the spatial variability characteristics of the available S,Mn,B,Cu,Mo and Ni,and discussed the rice quality.The research objective was to guide the rational application of micronutrient fertilizer and further improve the rice quality.The results showed that the average contents of soil available S,Mn,B,Cu,Mo and Ni were 210.10,41.73,2.29,5.68,0.20 and 0.55 mg/kg,respectively,which appeared planar distribution in space;the all ratios of nugget to sill were less than 25%;the transparency was positively correlated with the available S,the head rice yield was negatively correlated with the available Mo,the gel consistency was positively correlated with the available Cu and Mo,the amylose was negatively correlated with the available Mo,and the protein was positively correlated with the available B.The research suggested that contents of the 6 elements in soil had achieved to intermediate level or above;the distribution pattern was characterized with the stronger regularity and indicated the much stronger spatial autocorrelation;the rice quality could be improved by applying reasonably the S,Cu,B and Mo medium and trace element fertilizers.