动力—路径框架下的干部交流与政策扩散:基于多案例的比较研究

Officials’ Job Mobility and Policy Diffusion:A Comparative Multiple-Case Study from the Perspective of “Dynamic-Path” Framework

干部交流与政策扩散的关系是一项极具中国特色但未被充分讨论的议题。文章基于动力—路径的分析框架,通过多案例分析,对干部跨部门交流和跨地区交流所引起的两类政策扩散进行了比较研究。文章发现,两类政策扩散在动力机制和行动路径上均存在差异。动力方面,干部交流后会基于成本、收益和风险的考虑推动政策扩散,但跨部门交流干部面临的晋升激励和考核压力弱于跨地区交流的干部,因而其推动政策扩散的动力弱于后者。路径方面,两类干部交流后均会通过政策议题建构开启政策议程,但是相较于跨地区交流干部可推动业务层面、专业性政策的扩散,跨部门交流干部大多只能推动非业务层面、管理性政策的扩散;同时,相较于前者,跨部门交流型政策扩散所涉及的利益整合更为简单,但需对政策内容进行更多调整。最后,文章从履职环境、知识结构、晋升与考核等对差异产生的原因进行了解释。

The relationship between officials’ job mobility and policy diffusion is a rarely discussed topic with Chinese characteristics.This paper examines two types of policy diffusion resulting from the inter-agency and inter-regional job mobility of officials.It shows that there are some differences in the dynamic mechanism and diffusion path between the two types of policy diffusion.In terms of motivation,the officials who are transferred across agencies face weaker promotion incentives and assessment pressure than the officials transferred across regions,so they will be less motivated to promote policy diffusion.In terms of action path,most of the officials transferred across departments are only able to spread non-operational and managerial policy instruments in contrast to officials transferred across regions.As a result,policy diffusion based on inter-agency exchange requires less adjustment of interests,but more adjustment of policy content.Finally,the paper points out that the differences are caused by the different performance environments,promotion incentives,and assessment pressures faced by officials.