智能交通信号灯配时策略研究

Research on Timing Strategy of Intelligent Traffic Lights

近些年,我国经济水平显著提升,人们收入增多、生活逐渐富裕起来,私家车自然越来越多。但是同时与日俱增的汽车数量和资源有限的城市交通之间的矛盾也日渐突出,交通堵塞的情况已经变得屡见不鲜。城市中的街道交叉口成为城市交通中重要的一环,也成为疏通交通、规范车辆行使的重要枢纽。目前,交叉口交通控制的主要方法是通过红绿灯调节交通流。实践证明,合理控制城市交通信号灯,区分高峰时段,合理安排交通信号灯配时间,可以确保车辆行驶秩序化,可以规范车辆行驶的速度、方向,从而最大化提升交通质量,带给城市居民最好的出行体验。在配时策略方面往往包含两方面内容,一是交叉口绿灯时长,二是交叉口绿灯开始时间,这是实现信号等管控的基础。目前,主要选用两种主流的配时策略,即固定配时策略、自适应配时策略。前者的优点是简单易操作,缺点是灵活度、适应度不够,应对交通堵塞问题稍显逊色。后者优点是可以计算绿灯持续时间,从而较好配合当下交通状况进行指挥,可以确保交通畅通。通过调研发现,自适应定时策略中的模型往往较为复杂,且计算范畴过大,实现效率不高。本文将重点围绕智能交通信号灯的配时策略展开研究探讨。

In recent years,China’s economic level has improved significantly,people’s income has increased,their lives have gradually become richer,and there are naturally more and more private cars.But at the same time,the contradiction between the increasing number of cars and the limited urban traffic has become increasingly prominent,and traffic jams have become common.Street intersections in cities have become an important part of urban traffic,as well as an important hub for dredging traffic and regulating vehicle movement.Currently,the main method of traffic control at intersections is to regulate traffic flow through traffic lights.Practice has proved that reasonable control of urban traffic lights,distinguishing peak hours,and rationally arranging the timing of traffic lights can ensure the orderly driving of vehicles,regulate the speed and direction of vehicles,so as to maximize traffic quality and bring the best travel experience for urban residents.The timing strategy often includes two aspects,one is the length of the green light at the intersection,and the other is the start time of the green light at the intersection,which is the basis for signal control.At present,two mainstream timing strategies are mainly used,namely fixed timing strategy and adaptive timing strategy.The advantage of the former is that it is simple and easy to operate,but the disadvantage is that the flexibility and adaptability are not enough,and it is slightly inferior to the problem of traffic jams.The advantage of the latter is that it can calculate the duration of the green light,so that it can better coordinate with the current traffic situation and ensure smooth traffic flow.Through investigation,it is found that the model in the adaptive timing strategy is often complex,and the calculation scope is too large,and the implementation efficiency is not high.This paper will focus on the research and discussion on the timing strategy of intelligent traffic lights.