专利价值再认识:大学专利转让的实证研究

Reexamination of patent value: Empirical analysis on assigned university patents

高价值专利工作已经成为我国经济社会发展的一个重要方面,合理认识、科学评价专利价值是开展相关工作的重要前提和手段。从保护范围、创新水平、主体特征、时间因素等方面系统回顾、梳理了有关专利价值的客观指标。利用手动收集的1704项大学转让专利,用转让价格测量价值,实证分析了相关指标对专利价值的影响,发现专利价值是内生的。整体上,权利要求数、专利文献页数、海外同族专利数、独立权利要求字数、专利寿命对专利价值有显著的影响,发明人数量、专利审查时间、专利引用信息、是否与企业合作没有表现出与专利价值的显著相关性。分别以5万元、10万元、15万元为临界值进行逻辑回归发现,真正高价值的专利不仅具有法律意义上的高质量,技术上的高水平是其高价值的重要基础。

High-value patent related work has become a significant aspect of the economic and social development in China. An important premise and pathway in conducting such work is a reasonable understanding and a scientific evaluation of patent value. This paper systematacially looks back at and summarizes objective patent value indicators from aspects of protection scope, innovation level, entity characteristic, and time factor. By manually collecting 1704 assigned university patents, and using assignment price to proxy patent value, we empirically analyze the impacts of the indicators on patent value. It is found that patent value is endogenous. The number of claims, the number of document pages, owing family member(s) abroad, the number of word in the independent claim, and patent age have significant effect on patent value. The number of inventors, examination duration, citation information, and collaboration with enterprise don’t have significant effect on patent value. By using the assignment price levels of 50 thousand, 100 thousand, and 150 thousand Yuan as thresholds in differentiating whether a patent has high value, we conduct Probit regressions, and find that high value patents not only have high quality in law sense, but also in technology sense, and the latter is an important foundation.