小行星YORP效应的可探测候选体

A Detectable Candidate for the YORP Effect of Asteroids

YORP (Yarkovsky-O’Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack)效应是小行星长期动力学演化的机制之一.与碰撞、引力摄动等因素相比,YORP效应作用量级小,短时标观测效应不明显,这给直接测量YORP效应带来了很大的困难.利用小行星光变数据库中已知的小行星数据,统计了小行星的自转速率分布,使用核密度估计以及Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验分别分析了近地小行星和主带小行星自转速率的分布特性,分别给出了在近地小行星和主带小行星中寻找受YORP效应影响减速自转的最佳样本群;基于7颗已被探测到YORP旋转加速度的近地小行星,利用YORP强度估计方法和光变探测条件建立了筛选模型,给出了未来可直接通过光变数据探测YORP效应的10颗近地小行星.

The YORP(Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack)effect is one of the mechanisms of the long-term dynamical evolution of asteroids.Compared with factors such as collision and gravitational perturbation,the YORP is of small magnitude,and the short-time scale observation effect is inconspicuous,which brings great difficulties to the direct measurement of the YORP.From the Asteroid Lightcurve Database,asteroids having a high confidence rotation period were selected for this study.Two subsample groups for identifying potential asteroids slowed by the YORP effect are provided by using the kernel density estimation method and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to analyze the rotation rate distribution characteristics of near-Earth asteroids and main belt asteroids;A screening model is proposed based on the light-curve data of seven YORP asteroids with YORP rotation acceleration,combined with the YORP intensity estimation method and the detection conditions of the YORP effect.Finally,ten candidates that can directly detect the YORP effect through light-curve data in the future are listed based on the screening model.