中国企业基金会的发展促因研究--基于战略慈善视角的事件史分析

The Driving Forces of the Development of Corporate Foundations in China:An Event History Analysis from the Perspective of Strategic Philanthropy

近年来,越来越多的企业建立了企业基金会,通过企业基金会来支持或开展慈善活动。企业基金会的快速发展已成为企业慈善领域中不可忽视的议题,但目前仍缺乏对其发展促因的研究。建立企业基金会在一定程度上体现了企业从传统慈善理念向战略慈善理念的转变。本文基于战略慈善的视角,探讨企业慈善行为与企业发展之间的关联与互动,分析为何有的企业更倾向于通过建立基金会而非直接捐赠来支持或开展慈善活动。研究从环境层面与企业层面识别了影响企业建立企业基金会倾向的驱动因素,并选取国内上市公司作为实证样本,利用事件史分析中的Cox比例风险模型进行验证。结果显示,在控制其他关联变量的前提下,随着地区整体企业慈善水平的升高,企业会更倾向于采取建立企业基金会而非直接捐赠的形式来开展慈善活动;此外,民营企业建立企业基金会的倾向强于国有企业,高广告投入占比的企业建立企业基金会的倾向强于无广告或低广告投入的企业。

In recent years,the establishment of corporate foundations has experienced a rapid growth in China,serving as an important form to practice the philanthropic activities of the founding firms.While the rapid growth of corporate foundations has become increasingly inevitable topic of philanthropy research,the identification and explanation of its driving forces are still lacking.Drawing from the perspective of strategic philanthropy,which underscores the relationships between corporate philanthropy and corporate business strategy,this research explicates why some firms are more likely to enact philanthropic activities through corporate foundations,rather than by making direct donations.This research identifies the factors,in terms of both environment and characteristics of firms,that drive firms to establish corporate foundations.We use the listed companies in China as empirical samples,and employs Cox proportional risk model of event history analysis to verify our hypotheses.The results of the analysis show that,with the increase of overall level of corporate philanthropy in a region,the located companies are more likely to establish corporate foundations rather than direct corporate giving.The research also shows that when controlling other related variables,comparing with state-owned enterprises,private enterprises have stronger tendency to establish corporate foundations,and companies with higher level of advertising investment have a stronger tendency to establish corporate foundations than those without or with lower level of advertising investment.