规制治理:在华境外非政府组织的规制改革探析

Research on the Regulation-Governance of Overseas Non-governmental Organizations in China

我国《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》实施以来,在华境外NGO的监管问题尚未得到根本性的解决。目前学界的研究形成了对法律制度和政府主体的路径依赖,没有跳出传统的理论框架。本文首次引入规制理论,论述了“规制政策不确定性、规制机构职能缺位和有限问责、规制工具的低适用性和规制过程不完全透明”的境外非政府组织管理现状及不足。而规制治理作为规制改革的前沿理论,在经济治理领域已经收到良好的实践效应。为更好地实现境外非政府组织的规制目标,亦应遵循全球规制改革的趋势。在传统规制分析框架上,增加“规制信息”作为枢纽,依据规制治理理论,提出境外非政府组织的规制优化路径,包括:增强规制政策的协调性、开放性和规范的多样性,强化协同共治的规制主体,打造规制工具“组合箱”并精准匹配规制目标,建立规制信息枢纽机制等。

Since the implementation of“Law of the People's Republic of China on Administration of Activities of Overseas Nongovernmental Organizations in the Mainland of China”,the supervision of overseas NGOs in China has not been fundamentally solved.At present,the academic research has formed a path dependence on the legal system and the government subject,and has not jumped out of the traditional theoretical framework.This paper introduces the regulation theory for the first time,and discusses the current situation and shortcomings of the management of overseas non-govern-mental organizations,such as“the uncertainty of regulation policy,the absence of regulatory functions and limited accountability,the low applicability of regulation tools and the incomplete transparency of regulation process”.As the theoretical frontier of regulatory reform,regulatory governance has received good practical effects in the field of economic governance.To better achieve the regulatory objectives of overseas non-governmental organizations,we should also follow the trend of global regulatory reform.In the traditional regulatory analysis framework,add“regulatory information”as the hub,and put forward the regulatory optimization path of overseas non-governmental organizations according to the regulatory governance theory.Including:promoting the coordination,openness and normative diversity of regulatory policies,strengthening the regulatory subject of collaborative governance,creating a“combination box”of regulatory tools and accurately matching regulatory objectives,establishing a regulatory information hub mechanism.