NGOs如何参与全球海洋治理:一个文献综述

How NGOs Participate in Global Marine Governance:A Literature Review

CNKI和WOS两个数据库中的文献显示,NGOs参与全球海洋治理正在吸引越来越多的学术关注。从具体内容来看,学者们从理论和实践两个层面探讨了NGOs参与海洋治理的价值,揭示了NGOs参与全球海洋治理已形成包括制度途径、合作机制、组织联盟、法律途径以及创新途径在内的多元途径,并指出了其发展面临的外部挑战和内部阻碍。研究发现,关于NGOs参与海洋治理的学术研究正处于上升期,研究议题集中于海洋生态环境治理,整体研究数量和质量有待提高;国内外研究呈现出一定的差异,国内研究较为笼统,内容多有重复,国外研究更扎实,通过田野调查、访谈等方法回应具体问题。未来,可继续加强经验研究和实证研究,分析NGOs在不同政治环境中的参与价值;拓展政策研究和机制研究,探究NGOs有效参与海洋治理的机制;补充比较研究和内部管理研究,寻找NGOs参与困境的破解之道。另外,还需加强与基础理论的对话,创新方法,从理论、方法和领域等多方面进一步展开。

NGOs'participation in global marine governance attracts in creasing academic attention,based on CNKI and WOS databases.In the existing literature,scholars discuss the value of NGOs'participation from both the oretical and practical levels,reveal that NGOs participate through institutional approaches,cooperation mechanisms,organizational alliances,legal approaches,and innovative approaches,and point out external and internal challenges of participation.This article finds that research on NGOs'participation in marine governance is on the rise,research topics focus on marine ecological environment,and there search quantity and quality need improvement.There are certain differences between Chinese and English research.Chinese research is relatively general,and the content is often repeated.English research is more solid,and responds to specific questions through field work and interview.Future research should strengthen empirical research to analyze the value of NGOs'participation in different political environments;expand policy and mechanism research to explore the mechanism for NGOs to effectively participate in marine governance;supplement comparative and internal management research to find solutions to the challenges of NGOs'participation.In addition,it is necessary to strengthen the connection with the basic theory,and expand from different perspectives of theory,field,and method.