生育政策变动引致薪酬性别响应的异质性分析——来自中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的经验证据

Research on the Heterogeneity Effect of Fertility Policy Changes on Gender Salary:Empirical Evidence from the China Family Panel Studies

依据多期中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,运用双重差分法,考量生育政策变动引致薪酬性别响应的异质性。结果表明,生育政策变动引致薪酬性别响应具有明显的异质性特征。生育政策变动对男性薪酬的影响相对有限,但对在非公有单位就业、年龄低于35岁的青年女性薪酬具有较为显著的负向影响。该结论在经过倾向得分匹配双重差分法检验后依旧保持稳健。社会保障不足、在时间和精力方面不能很好地平衡全职工作与家务劳动等,是生育政策变动影响部分女性薪酬的主要成因。鉴于此,国家在完善和落实积极生育支持措施时,应结合不同人群的差异性特点分类施策,构建生育友好的就业环境。

Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies,this paper analyzes the heterogeneity effect of gender salary after the change of fertility policy,using the DID model.The results show that,the change of fertility policies have obvious heterogeneity effect on gender salary.The impact of changes in fertility policy on men’s salary is relatively limited,but it has a relatively significant negative impact on the salaries of those woment who are under 35 and work in non-state-owned companies.After the PSM-DID tests,the results are still stable.From the perspective of mechanism analysis,the lack of adequate social security and the inability to balance full-time work and housework well in terms of time are the main reasons why the changes in the fertility policy affect the wages of some women.In view of this,when improving and implementing the positive fertility support measures,we should combine the different characteristics of different groups to build a fertility friendly employment environment.