数字化口内扫描技术在口腔修复学临床和教学中的应用

Application of digital intraoral scanning technology in clinical and teaching of prosthodontics

在过去的几十年里,数字化技术在牙科中得到了广泛的应用。作为数字化牙科诊疗的第一步,数字化口内扫描技术(Intraoral scanning,IOS)将患者口腔内的信息转换为虚拟模型,口腔医师利用虚拟模型进行数字化设计、加工与制作等一系列数字化牙科诊疗流程。数字化口内扫描技术在口腔修复学临床中的应用主要包括固定、种植和活动义齿的数字化印模制取和修复前设计。在固定及种植义齿修复的应用已经趋于成熟,而对于活动义齿的数字化印模制取技术还处于探索阶段。近些年,数字化技术在牙科课程中不断开展和深化。其中,作为数字化牙科诊疗基础的数字化口内扫描技术最为突出。数字化口内扫描技术在口腔修复学的临床和教学中的应用十分广泛,但仍存在一些局限。随着该技术的不断发展,未来有望进一步扩大其应用范围。本文对数字化口内扫描技术在口腔修复学的临床和教学中的应用现状进行详细的阐述,以期对口腔医师及口腔医学生全面了解其在口腔修复学领域的应用提供帮助。

Digital technologies have been widely applied in dentistry over the past few decades.As the first step of digital dental diagnosis and treatment,digital intraoral scanning(IOS)technology is used to transfer the patient's dentition into a virtual model.After that,the virtual model is used for computer aided design and manufacturing.In prosthodontics,IOS technology is mainly used for fixed dentures,implant-supported dentures and removable dentures.The application of IOS technology in fixed dentures and implant-supported dentures has become mature,but it is still in the exploratory stage for removable dentures.In recent years,digital technologies have been continuously developed and deepened in dental courses.Among them,IOS technology,which is the basis of digital dental diagnosis and treatment,is the most prominent.IOS technology is widely applied in the clinical and teaching of prosthodontics,but there are still some limitations.With the continuous development of this technology,it is expected to further expand its application range in the future.In this review,the application of IOS technology in clinical and teaching of prosthodontics is described in detail to provide clinical consideration for dental students and dentists to comprehensively understand this technology.