《2022芯片与科学法》对我国集成电路产业的影响和建议

The impact and suggestions of the“CHIPS and Science Act of 2022”on China's IC industry

集成电路是关系国民经济和社会发展的基础性、先导性和战略性产业。当前,国际环境日趋复杂,百年变局和世纪疫情相互交织,中美之间持续升级的大国博弈和不断深化的利益脱钩对全球集成电路产业链格局产生了深远影响。近日美国出台《2022芯片与科学法》并联手日本、韩国等组建“四方芯片联盟”,构建“围堵”中国的“统一战线”,试图将中国集成电路产业孤立在全球供应链体系之外。通过梳理美国在科技立法上的历史沿革和主要特点,以及《2022芯片与科学法》在集成电路领域的最新战略部署,对由此带来的全球集成电路产业格局新变化以及对我国的影响进行研判,并提出相关发展建议。

Integrated circuits are the basic,leading and strategic industries related to national economic and social development.At present,the international environment is becoming more and more complex,and the changes in the century and the epidemic of the century are intertwined.The continuous escalating game between major powers and the deepening decoupling of interests between China and the United States has had a profound impact on the global integrated circuit industry chain.Recently,the United States introduced the“CHIPS and Science Act of 2022”,and joined hands with Japan,South Korea to form a“Quartet Chip Alliance”to build a“united front”to“contain”China,attempts to isolate China's integrated circuit industry from the global supply chain system.By sorting out the historical evolution and main characteristics of the United States in science and technology legislation,as well as the latest strategic deployment of the“Chip and Science Act of 2022”in the field of integrated circuits,this article provides insights into the resulting new changes in the global integrated circuit industry,as well as its impact on China's impact,and put forward relevant development suggestions.