固有淋巴细胞与病毒感染的研究进展

Innate Lymphoid Cells and Virus Infection

固有淋巴细胞(innate lymphoid cells,ILCs)是新发现的淋巴系统家族成员,在介导免疫反应、调节组织稳态和炎症方面发挥着重要作用。根据效应功能、所分泌的细胞因子及转录因子的差异,其可分为几种不同的亚群:Ⅰ型ILCs、Ⅱ型ILCs、Ⅲ型ILCs。ILCs在组织中分布广泛,并可能是病毒感染期间,率先产生免疫应答的细胞之一。本文主要就ILCs发育、分型及其在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2、呼吸道合胞病毒、肠道病毒等病毒感染过程中引发的免疫应答等方面的最新研究进展进行综述,旨在利用ILCs免疫机制,为新型抗病毒方法的开发提供思路。

Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are newly discovered members of the lymphatic system family and play important roles in mediating immune responses,regulating tissue homeostasis and inflammation.Ac-cording to the differences in effector function,cytokines and transcription factors secreted,they can be divided into several different subgroups:type Ⅰ ILCs,type Ⅱ ILCs,and type Ⅲ ILCs.ILCs are widely distributed in tissues and may be one of the first cells to generate an immune response during viral infection.This article mainly reviews the latest research progress in the development,typing of ILCs and their immune responses in the process of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,respiratory syncytial virus,enterovirus and other viral infections.The immune mechanism provides ideas for the development of new antiviral methods.