循环肿瘤细胞在肺癌中的研究应用与未来展望

Progress and prospects of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer

肺癌是世界上发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。病理活检是诊断肺癌的金标准,但由于肿瘤的时空异质性,传统的单点活检往往不能显示肿瘤的全貌,但时空分离的多点活检又难以实现。越来越多的研究表明液体活检是潜在的解决策略。作为液态活检重要成员之一的循环肿瘤细胞(CTC),是指从原发或转移肿瘤中排出后在外周血中循环的肿瘤细胞。肺癌作为精准治疗的“排头兵”瘤种,CTCs的研究与应用也逐步成熟,助力于其诊断、预后评估和治疗指导。文章梳理CTCs的检测和富集技术,重点介绍了CTCs在肺癌精准化领域中的应用和前景。

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Pathological biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing lung cancer, but traditional biopsy methods often cannot fully reflect the true condition of the tumor. There is increasing evidence that, due to the heterogeneity within the tumor, single-point biopsy cannot show the whole picture of the tumor, but multi-point biopsy with spatial and temporal separation is difficult to achieve, and liquid biopsy has been proved to be a potential solution. Circulating tumor cells(CTCs), one of the most important members of liquid biopsy, refer to tumor cells circulating in peripheral blood after being excreted from primary or metastatic tumors. As the pioneer tumor type of precision treatment, the research and application of CTCs have gradually matured, which is helpful for their diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and treatment guidance. This article will sort out the detection and enrichment technologies of CTCs, and focus on the application and prospects of CTCs in the field of precision diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.