中国城乡关系的演进脉络、结构性失衡及重构方略

The Evolution,Structural Imbalance and Reconstruction Strategies of China's Urban-rural Relationship

作为人类社会最基本、最重要的关系形态之一,城乡关系关乎社会主义现代化建设全局。根据国情社情发展、国家战略调整、外部形势变化等的影响和城乡关系经典理论,可将新中国成立后城乡关系的演变脉络划分为对流、分割、联通、统筹、融合五个阶段。在此变迁过程中,中国城乡关系结构性失衡的主要表征鲜明突出、成因复杂多样且负面影响加大。未来,应聚焦要素市场建设与农民增收引擎打造,抓实公共教育医疗服务均等与农民市民化,完善生态规划制度、反哺机制和科学治理体系,健全政治利益引导、诉求、整合、约束机制,推动文化资源共享、阵地共建和活动共办,促进城乡经济、社会、生态、政治、文化均衡发展。

As one of the most basic and important relations in human society,urban-rural relations are related to the overall situation of socialist modernization.According to the influence of the development of national conditions and social conditions,national strategic adjustment,changes in external situations and the classical theory of urban-rural relations,the evolution of urban-rural relations after the founding of the PRC can be divided into five stages:convection,segmentation,connectivity,overall planning and integration.In the process of this change,the main features of the structural imbalance of China's urban and rural relations are distinctive,the causes are complex and diverse,and the negative impact is increased.In the future,we can focus on the construction of factor markets and the building of an income increasing engine for farmers,focus on the equalization of public education and medical services and the citizenization of farmers,improve the ecological planning system,the feedback mechanism and the scientific governance system,improve the mechanism for guiding,demanding,integrating and constraining political interests,and promote the sharing of cultural resources,joint construction of positions and joint activities to promote the balanced development of urban and rural economy,society,ecology,politics and culture.